書籍詳細

炎症リウマチ

P.13 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Friedman HM, Pincus T, Gibilisco P, et al:Acute monoarticular arthritis caused by herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus. Am J Med 69:241-247, 1980
  pubmed

• 2) Naides SJ:Vival arthritis including HIV. Curr Opin Rheumatol 7:337-342, 1995

• 3) Phillips PE:Viral arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 9:337-344, 1997
  pubmed

• 4) Fry J, Dillane JB, Fry L:Rubella, 1962. BMJ 2:833-834, 1962
  pubmed

• 5) Hope Simpson RE:Rubella and polyarthritis. BMJ i:830, 1940

• 6) Tingle AJ, Allen M, Petty RE, et al:Rubella-associated arthritis. I. Comparative study of joint manifestations associated with natural rubella infection and RA 27/3 rubella immunisation. Ann Rheum Dis 45:110114, 1986

• 7) Lee PR, Barnett AF, Scholer JF, et al:Rubella arthritis; a study of twenty cases. Calif Med 93:125128, 1960

• 8) Ueno Y:Rubella arthritis; an outbreak in Kyoto. J Rheumatol 21:874876, 1994

• 9) Hildebrandt HM, Maassab HF:Rubella synovitis in a one-year-old patient. N Engl J Med 274:1428-1430, 1966

• 10) Ueno Y, Katow S, Tanaka T, et al:Natural rubella infection with CD8+ T cell expansion and failure to detectviral genome in synovial fluid. J Rheumatol 26:229-230, 1999
  pubmed

• 11) Allen RL, Gillespie GMA, Hall F, et al:Multiple T cell expansions are found in the blood and synovial fluid of patients with reactive arthritis. J Rheumatol 24:1750-1757, 1997

• 12) Burns CM, Tsai V, Zvaifler NJ:High percentage of CD8+, Leu-7+ cells in rheumatoid arthritis synovialfluid. Arthritis Rheum 35:865-873, 1992

• 13) Thompson GR, Ferreyra A, Brackett RG:Acute arthritis complicating rubella vaccination. Arthritis Rheum 14:19-26, 1971

• 14) Spruance SR, Metcalf R, Smith CB, et al:Chronic arthropathy associated with rubella vaccination. Arthritis Rheum 20:741-747, 1977

• 15) Martenis TW, Bland JH, Phillips CA:Rheumatoid arthritis after rubella. Arthritis Rheum 11:683-685, 1968
  pubmed

• 16) Kantor TG, Tanner M:Rubella arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 5:378-383, 1962
  pubmed

• 17) Torok TJ:Parvovirus B19 and human disease. Advances in internal medicine 37:431-455, 1992
  pubmed

• 18) Naides SJ:Rheumatic manifestations of parvovirus B19 infection. Rheum Dis Clin N Amer 24:375-401, 1998

• 19) Woolf AD:Human parvovirus B19 and arthritis. Behring Inst Mitt 85:64-68, 1990
  pubmed

• 20) Reid DM, Reid TMS, Brown T, et al:Human parvovirus-associated arthritis; a clinical and laboratory description. Lancet i:422-425, 1985

• 21) Ueno Y, Umadome H, Shimodera M, et al:Human parvovirus B19 and arthritis. Lancet 341:1280, 1993
  pubmed

• 22) Fawaz-Estrup F:Human parvovirus infection; rheumatic manifestations, angioedema, C1 esterase inhibitior deficiency, ANA positivity, and possible onset of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 23:1180-1185, 1996

• 23) Tyndall A, Jelk W, Hirsh HH, Parvovirus B19 and erosive polyarthritis. Lancet 343:480-481, 1994

• 24) Takahashi Y, Murai C, Shibata S, et al:Human parvovirus B19 as a causative agent for rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:8227-8232, 1998
  pubmed

• 25) Kerr JR, Carton Jp, Curran MD, et al:A study of the role of parvovirus B19 in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 34:809-813, 1995

• 26) Soderlund M, von Essen R, Haapasaari J, et al:Persistence of parvovirus B19 DNA in synovial membranes of young patients with and without chronic arthropathy. Lancet 349:1063-1065, 1997
  pubmed

• 27) 上野征夫, 上島嘉美, 梅本典江ら:ヒトパルボウイルスB19関節炎の3症例, 中部リウマチ 25:84-85, 1994

• 28) Onion DK, Crumpacker CS, Gilliland BC:Arthritis of hepatitis associated with Australia antigen. Ann Intern Med 75:29-33, 1971
  pubmed

• 29) Alpert E, Isselbacher KJ, Schur PH:The pathogenesis of arthritis associated with viral hepatitis. N Engl J Med 285:185-189, 1971
  pubmed

• 30) Inman R:Rheumatic manifestations of hepatitis B virus infection. Sem Arhritis Rheum 11:406420, 1982

• 31) Dixon FJ, Vazquez JJ, Weigle WO, et al:Pathogenesis of serum sickness. Arch Pathol 65:1828, 1958

• 32) Levo Y, Gorevic PD, Kassab HJ, et al:Association between hepatitis B virus and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. N Engl J Med 296:1501-1504, 1977
  pubmed

• 33) McCarty DJ, Ormiste V:Arthritis and HB Ag-positive hepatitis. Arch Intern Med 132:264-268, 1973
  pubmed

• 34) 福田善弘, 武地一, 中坊幸晴ら:関節炎を初発症状としたB型急性肝炎の6症例. 肝臓29:1502-1507, 1988

• 35) Kuo G, Choo QL, Alter HJ, et al:An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis. Science 244:362-364, 1989

• 36) McMurray RW:Hapatitis C-associated autoimmune disorders. Rheum Dis Clin N Amer 252:353-373, 1998

• 37) Buskila D, Shnaider A, Neumann L, et al:Musculoskeletal manifestations and autoantibody profile in 90 hepatitis C virus infected israeli patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum 28:107-113, 1998
  pubmed

• 38) Rivera J, Garcia-Monforte A, Pineda A, et al:Arthritis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Rheumatol 26:420-424, 1999

• 39) Ueno Y, Kinoshita R, Kishimoto I, et al:Polyarthritis associated With hepatitis C Virus infection. Br J Rheumatol 33:289-291, 1994
  pubmed

• 40) Ueno Y, Kinoshita R, Tsujinoue H, et al:A case of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated arthritis. Quantitative analysis of HCV RNA of the synovial fluid and the serum. Br J Rheumatol 34:691-692, 1995
  pubmed

• 41) Arai H, Tanaka M, Ohta K et al:Symptomatic myopathy associated with interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Lancet 345:582, 1995
  pubmed

• 42) Horsmans Y, Geubel AP:Symptomatic myopathy in hepatitis C infection without interferon therapy. Lancet 345:1236, 1995
  pubmed

• 43) Ueno Y, Kondo K, Kidokoro N, et al:Hepatitis C infection and polymyositis. Lancet 346:319-320, 1995
  pubmed

• 44) Sawada T, Hirohata S, Inoue T:Development of rheumatoid arthritis after hepatitis C virus infection. Arthritis Rheum 34:1620-1621, 1991
  pubmed

• 45) 古田精一:C型肝炎の臨床. 日本内科学会雑誌83:24-32, 1994

• 46) Toivanen A, Toivanen P:Reactive arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 12:300-305, 2000
  pubmed

P.23 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, et al:The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 25:1271-1277, 1982
  pubmed

• 2) Sharp GC, Irvin WS, Tan EM, et al:Mixed connective tissue disease-an apparently distinct rheumatic disease syndrome associated with a spechic antibody to an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) . Am J Med 52:148-159, 1972

• 3) 志水正敏:MCTDの臨床症状. 日内会誌85:1208-1212, 1996

• 4) 志水正敏:混合性結合組織病 (mixed connective tissue disease, MCTD)の概念. リウマチ病セミナーVIII (七川歡次監修), pp 50-58, 大阪, 永井書店, 1997

• 5) LeRoy EC, Maricq HR, Kahaleh MB:Undifferentiated connective tissue syndromes. Arthritis Rheum 23:341-343, 1980
  pubmed

• 6) Danieli MG, Fraticelli P, Franceschini F, et al:Five-year follow-up of 165 ltalian patients with undifferentiated connective tissue diseases. Clin Exp Rheumatol 17:585-591, 1999

• 7) Mosca M, Tavoni A, Neri R:Undifferentiated connective tissue diseases; the clinical and serological profiles of 91 patients followed for at least 1 year. Lupus 7:95-100, 1998
  pubmed

• 8) Alarcon GS, Williams GV, Singer JZ, et al:Early undifferentiated connective tissue disease. I. Early clinical manifestation in a large cohort of patients With undifferentiated connective tissue diseases compared with cohorts of well established connective tissue disease. J Rheumatol 18:1332-1339, 1991

• 9) Mosca M, Neri R, Bombardieri S:Undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (UCTD); a review of the literature and a proposal for preliminary classification criteria. Clin Exp Rheumatol 17:615-620, 1999

• 10) 山本純己, 柏崎禎夫, 延永正ら:日本リウマチ学会による早期慢性関節リウマチの診断基準2. 診断基準の作成. リウマチ34:1013-1018, 1994

• 11) 武仲善孝:Undifferentiated Spodyloarthropathy. リウマチ病セミナーIII (七川歡次監修), pp36-44, 大阪, 永井書店, 1995

P.29 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Kyougoku M:Systemic vascular changes of rheumatoid arthritis in Japan. Path et Microbiol 43:224-227, 1975

• 2) Kyougoku M:Pathological studies of malignant rheumatoid arthritis (MRA) in Japan. In; Vascular lesions of collagen diseases and related conditions (Ed, Shiokawa Y), pp99-110, Tokyo, Univ of Tokyo Press, 1977

• 3) 桜井幹己, 桑原秀樹:慢性関節リウマチの血管病変と死因-剖検例による組織病理学的研究-. 平成6年度特定疾患調査研究結果報告書 (大阪骨・関節難病研究会), pp17-21, 大阪府環境保健部, 大阪府特定疾患研究会, 平成7年 (1995) 3月

• 4) 桜井幹己:血管炎型とアミロイド沈着型慢性関節リウマチの病理組織学的比較検討. 平成9年度特定疾患調査研究結果報告書 (大阪骨・関節難病研究会), pp54-57, 大阪府環境保健部, 大阪府特定疾患研究会, 平成10年(1998)3月

P.37 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 桜井幹己:血管炎からみた慢性関節リウマチ. リウマチ病セミナ−XII (七川歡次監修), pp24-29, 大阪, 永井書店, 2001

• 2) 後藤眞 (編):リウマチ・膠原病実践マニュアル. 東京, 文光堂, 1995

• 3) Wattas RA, Carruthero DM, Symmons DPM, et al:The incidence of rheumatoid vasculitis in the Norwich health anthority. Br J Rheumatol 33:832-833, 1994

• 4) Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C:Systemic vasculitis in the adults in Northwestern Spain, 198-97. Clinical and epidemiological aspects. Medicine (Baltimore) 78:292-308, 1999

• 5) Mogan SE, Cass RM, Jacob RF, et al:A study of the relation of seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis to each other and to necrotizing vasculitis. Am J Med 47:23-25, 1969

• 6) Panush RS, Katz P, Longley S, et al:Rheumatoid vasculitis:diagnotic and theropeutic decisions. Clin Rheumatol 2:321-330, 1983

• 7) Wattiaux MJ, Kahn MF, Thevenet JP, et al:L'latteinte vasculaire dans le polyarthrite rhumatoide. Etude retrospective de 37 polyarthrites rheumatoides avec atteinte vasculaire et revue de la litterature. Ann Med lnterne 138:566-587, 1987

• 8) 七川歡次, 前田晃, 小松原良雄ら:慢性関節リウマチ患者にみられた下肢端壊死の1例. リウマチ5:279-283, 1964

• 9) Rodriguez-Moreno J, Del Blanco-Barnusell J, Castano-Moreno C, et al:Systemic rheumatoid vasculitis after discontinuation of methotrexate therapy. J Rheumatol 19:178, 1992

• 10) Segal R, Capsi D, Tishler M, et al:Accelerated nodulosis and vasculitis during methotrexate therapy of rheumatoidarthritis. Arthsitis Rheum 31:1182-1185, 1988

• 11) Fuchs HA:Rheumatoid vasculitis with worsening nodnlosis. J Rheumatol 17:123-124, 1994

• 12) 橋本博史, 安倍達, 延永正ら:悪性関節リウマチの改訂診断基準の提唱. リウマチ29:268-276, 1989

• 13) Scott DGI, Bacon PA, Tribe CR:Systemic rheumatoid vasculitis; a clinical and laboratory study. Medicine 60:288-297, 1981

• 14) Vollertsen RS, Conn DL, Ballard DJ, et al:Rheumatoid vasculitis; survival and associated risk factors. Medicine 65:365-375, 1986
  pubmed

• 15) Stone JH, Calabrese LH, Hoffman GS, et al:Vasculitis. A collection of pearls and myths. Rheum Dis Clin North Amer 27:677-728, 2001

• 16) Puedhal X, Said G, Hilliquin P, et al:Peripheral neuropathy with necrotiziing vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis A cliicopathologic and prognostic study of thirty-two patients. Arthritis Rheum 38:1618-1629, 1995

• 17) Puechal X, Said G, Job-Deslandre C, et al:Muscular involvement in systemic rheumatoid vasculitis. Br J Rheumatol 32:766-767, 1993
  pubmed

• 18) 廣瀬恒, 太田郁朗, 山田省一ら:悪性関節リウマチの経過中に小腸穿孔を起こした1症例. リウマチ26:110-115, 1986

• 19) Achkar AA, Stanson AW, Johnson CM, et al:Rheumatoid vasculitis manfesting as intra-abdominal hemmonhage. Mayo Clin Proc 70:565-569, 1995
  pubmed

• 20) David-Clausse J, David-Chausse F, Dureau MJ:Lesions vasculaires an cours de la polyarthrite rhumatoide. Rev Rhum 35:423-428, 1968

• 21) Messiaen T, MユBappe P, Boffa JJ:MPO-ANCA nerotizing glomerulonephritis related to rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Kidney Dis 32:1-5, 1998

• 22) Mulder AHL, Horst G, Van Leenwen MA, et al:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis:chaiacterigation and clinical vorrelations. Artiritis Rheum 36:1054-1060, 1993

• 23) Braun MG, Cserunk E, Schmitt WH, et al:Incidence, target antigens, and clinical implications of anti neutrophilcytoplasmic antibodies in rheumatoid artiritis. J Rheumatol 23:826830, 1996

• 24) Kuryliszyn-Moskal A, Bernacka K, Klimiuk PA:Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in rheumatoid arthritis-relationship to systemic vasculitis and micro vascular injury in nailfold capillary microscopy. Clin Rheumatol 15:367-373, 1996

• 25) Kuryliszyn-Moskal A:Cytokines and soluble CD4 and CD8 molecules in rheumatoid arthritis:relationship tosystemic vasculitis and microvascular cappillaroscopic abnormalities. Clin Rheumatol 17:489-495, 1998

• 26) Voskuyl AE, Hazes JM, Schreuder GM et al:HLA-DRB1, DQA1, and DQBI genotypes and resk of vasculitis inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatal 24:852-855, 1997

• 27) 大田寛, 七川歡次, 前田晃ら:慢性関節リウマチの死因調査 (433死亡例) . 平成11年度特定疾患調査研究結果報告書 (大阪骨・関節難病研究会), pp2142, 大阪府環境保健部, 大阪府特定疾患研究会, 平成12年3月

• 28) 橋本博史, 安部達, 延永正ら:悪性関節リウマチの改定診断基準の提唱. リウマチ29:269276, 1989

• 29) 鈴木厚, 小井戸則彦, 大曽根康夫ら:慢性関節リウマチ140例の死因に関する検討. リウマチ34:601-607, 1994

• 30) 吉澤久嘉, 工藤洋, 岩野邦男ら:慢性関節リウマチの死因に関する研究-117 RA死亡例の分析-. リウマチ30:255-263, 1990

• 31) Suzuki A, Ohosone Y, Obana M, et al:Cause of death in 81 autopsied patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 21:33-36, 1994
  pubmed

• 32) Jacobsson LTH, Knowler WC, Pillemer S, et al:Rheumatoid arthritis and mortalityl. A longitudinal study in Pima Indians. Arthritis Rheum 36:1045-1053, 1993

• 33) Vollertsen RS, Conn DL, Ballard DJ, et al:Rheumatoid vasculitis; survival and associated risk factors. Medicine 65:365-375, 1986
  pubmed

• 34) Rasker JJ, Cosh JA:Cause and age at death in a prospective study of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 40:115-120, 1981

• 35) Vanderbrouche JP, Hazevoet HM, Cats A:Survival and cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis; a 25-year prospective follow up. J Rheumatol 11:158191, 1984

• 36) Michel DM, Spitz PW, Young EY, et al:Surival, Prognosis, and Causes of death in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 29:706-714, 1986

• 37) Erhardt CC, Mumford PA Veuables PJW, et al:Factors predicting a poor life prognoris in rheumatoid arthritis; a eight year prespective study. Ann Rheum Dis 48:7-13, 1989

• 38) Reily PA, Cosh JA, Maddison DJ, et al:Mortalihy and survival in rheumatoid arthritis; a 25 year prospective study of 100 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 46:363-369, 1990

• 39) 桜井幹己, 前田晃:全身に著明なアミロイドーシスと壊死性血管炎を合併した悪性関節リウマチの1剖検例. 平成7年度特定疾患調査研究結果報告書 (大阪骨・関節難病研究会), pp35-37, 大阪府環境保健部, 大阪府特定疾患研究会, 平成8年3月

P.46 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 西岡淳一, 七川歡次, 中井秀紀ら:わが国におけるリウマチ性多発筋痛症 (Polymyalgia Rheumatica) の病態調査と日本人における診断基準確立の必要性への示唆. リウマチ25:265-273, 1985

• 2) Nishioka J, Shichikawa K, Kashiwazaki S, et al:Symptomatological review of polymyalgia rheumatica in Japan;-induction of diagnostic criteria for Japanese patients-. Japanese Journal of Rheumatology 1:113-121, 1986

• 3) 西岡淳一:非定型リウマチ性多発筋痛症. リウマチ病セミナーI (七川歡次監修), pp35-47, 大阪, 永井書店, 1990

• 4) 西岡淳一・:リウマチ性多発筋痛症 (PMR) 研究の進歩. リウマチ病セミナーVI (七川歡次監修), pp58-64, 大阪, 永井書店, 1995

• 5) Duhaut P, Bosshard S, Calvet A, et al:Giant cell arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and viral hypotheses; a multicenter, prospective case-control study. Groupe de Recherche sur l'Arterite a Cellules Geantes. J Rheumatol 26:361-369, 1999

• 6) Cimmino MA, Zaccaria A:Epidemiology of polymyalgia rheumatica, Clin Exp Rheumatol 18 (4 Suppl 20):S9-11, 2000

• 7) Mattey DL, Hajeer AH, Dababneh A, et al:Association of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica with different tumor necrosis factor microsatellite polymorphisms. Arthritis Rheum 43:1749-1755, 2000
  pubmed

• 8) Gonzalez-Gay MA, Hajeer AH, Dababneh A, et al:Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis in elderly and polymyalgia rheumatica have similar pattems of HIA association. J Rheumatol 28:122-125, 2001

• 9) Nordborg C, Nordborg E, Petursdottir V:Giant cell arteritis. Epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis APMIS 108:713-724, 2000
  pubmed

• 10) Narvaez J, Clavaguera MT, Nolla-Sole JM, et al:Lack of association between infection and onset of polymyalgia rheumatica. J Rheumatol 27:953-957, 2000
  pubmed

• 11) McGonagle D, Pease C, Marzo-Ortega H, et al:The case for classification of polymyalgia rheumatica and remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema as primarily capsular/entheseal based pathologies. J Rheumatol 27:837-840, 2000
  pubmed

• 12) Pavlica P, Barozzi L, Salvarani C, et al:Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of PMR Clin Exp Rheumatol 18 (4Suppl 20):S3839, 2000

• 13) Olivieri I, Salvarani C, Cantini F:RS3PE syndrome; an overview. Clin Exp Rheumatol 18 (4 Suppl 20):S53-55, 2000

• 14) Genereau T:Horton's disease and rhizomelic pseudopolyarthritis. First International Congress on Horton's Disease and rhizomelic pseudopolyarthritis, Prato (Italy). Rev Med Interne 20:754, 1999
  pubmed

• 15) Stebbing J, Buetens O, Hellmann D:Secondary amyloidosis associated with giant cell arteritis/polymyalgia rheumatica. J Rheumatol 26:2698, 1999
  pubmed

• 16) Escriba A Morales E, Albizua E, et al:Secondary (AA-type) amyloidosis in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. Am J Kidney Dis 35:137-140, 2000
  pubmed

• 17) Monteagudo M, Vidal G, Andreu J, et al:Giant cell (temporal) arteritis and secondary renal amyloidosis; report of 2 cases. J Rheumatol 24:605-607, 1997

• 18) Miro O, Jarreta D, Casademont J, et al:Absence of mitochondrial dysfunction in polymyalgia rheumatica; evidence based on a simultaneous molecular and biochemical approach. Scand J Rheumatol 28:319-323, 1999
  pubmed

• 19) Uddhammar A, Rantapaa Dahlqvist S, Hedberg B, et al:Deltoid muscle in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. J Rheumatol 25:1344-1351, 1998
  pubmed

• 20) Johansen J, Baslund B, Garbarsch C, et al:YKL-40 in giant cells and macrophages from patients with giant cell arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:2624-2630, 1999
  pubmed

• 21) Hazleman B:Laboratory investigations useful in the evaluation of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA). Clin Exp Rheumatol 18 (4 Suppl 20):S29-31, 2000

• 22) Ezpeleta D, Rodriguez-Mahou M, Munoz-Blanco JL:Giant cell arteritis, bilateral anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and anticardiolipin antibodies. Rev Neurol 29:1185-1187, 1999
  pubmed

• 23) Cantini F, Salvarani C, Olivieri I, et al:Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in the evaluation of disease activity and severity in polymyalgia rheumatica; a prospective follow-up study. Semin Arthritis Rheum 30:17-24, 2000

• 24) Roche NE, Fulbright JW, Wagner AD, et al:Correlation of interleukin-6 production and disease activity in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 36:1286-1294, 1993
  pubmed

• 25) Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ:Giant cell arteritis as an antigen-driven disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 21:1027-1039, 1995
  pubmed

• 26) Kaiser M, Weyand CM, Bjornsson J, et al:Platelet-derived growth factor, intimal hyperplasia, and ischemic complications in giant cell arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 41:623-633, 1998
  pubmed

• 27) Brack A, Martinez-Taboada V, Stanson A, et al:Disease pattern in cranial and large-vessel giant cell arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:311-317, 1999
  pubmed

• 28) Salvarani C, Cantini F, Olivieri 1, et al:Corticosteroid injections in polymyalgia rheumatica; a double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo controlled s tudy. J Rheumatol 27:1470-1476, 2000

• 29) Li C, Dasgupta B:Corticosteroids in polymyalgia rheumatica-a review of different treatment schedules. Clin Exp Rheumatol 18 (4 Suppl 20):S56-57, 2000

• 30) Benvenuti S, Brandi ML:Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis:pathogenesis and prevention. Clin Exp Rheumatol 18 (4Suppl 20):S64-66, 2000

• 31) Narvaez J, Nolla-Sole JM, Clavaguera MT, et al:Long term therapy in polymyalgia rheumatica; effect of coexistent temporal arteritis. J Rheumatol 26:1945-1952, 1999

P.52 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 佐々木正:掌蹠膿疱症を伴った両側鎖骨骨髄炎の症例. 臨整外2:333-337, 1967

• 2) Sonozaki H, Mitsui H, Miyanaga YO, et al:Clinical features of 53 cases with pustulotic arthro-osteitis. Ann Rheum Dis 40:547-553, 1981

• 3) Kahn MF, Chamot AM:SAPHO syndrome. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 18:225-246, 1992
  pubmed

• 4) Kawai K, Doita M, Tateishi H, et al:Bone and joint lesions associated with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. A clinical and histological study. J Bone Joint Surg 70B:117-122, 1988

• 5) 川井和夫:特殊型における骨病変. 掌蹠膿疱症における骨変化. THE BONE 4:73-82, 1990

• 6) 篠原祐之:胸肋鎖骨異常骨化症の臨床的, X線学的検討. 東邦医学会雑誌43:348-363, 1996

• 7) 伊藤由佳, 杉浦典子, 小塚雄民ら:掌蹠膿疱性骨関節炎-10症例のまとめ. 皮膚42:179-183, 2000

• 8) Hayem G, Bouchaud-Chabot A, Benali K, et al:SAPHO syndrome. A long-term follow-up study of 120 cases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 29:159-171, 1999
  pubmed

• 9) Vittecoq O, Said IA Michot C, et al:Evolution of chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis toward spondylarthropathy over the long term. Arthritis Rheum 43:109-119, 2000

• 10) 倉石紀子, 落合豊子, 森嶋隆文:皮膚症状と骨関節症状にシクロスポリンA内服が奏効した掌蹠膿疱症. 皮膚臨床35:279-284, 1993

• 11) Yamamoto T, Kimura K, Katayama I, et al:Successful treatment of severe arthralgia associated with palmoplantar pustulosis with lowdose oral cyclosporine A. J Dermatol 22:512-514, 1995
  pubmed

• 12) 三原祥嗣, 高田知子, 高路修ら:シクロスポリンが奏効した骨関節症状を伴った掌蹠膿疱症. 西日皮膚58:964-967, 1996

P.59 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Ropes MW, Bennet EA, Cobb S, et al:The 1958 revision of diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. Bull Rheum Dis 9:175-176, 1958

• 2) Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, et al:The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 31:315-324, 1988
  pubmed

• 3) 山前邦臣:慢性関節リウマチの早期診断基準試案. 日本医事新報3360:43-47, 1988

• 4) 山本純己, 柏崎禎夫, 延永正:日本リウマチ学会による早期慢性関節リウマチの診断基準 2. 診断基準の作成. リウマチ34:1013-1018, 1994

• 5) 柏崎禎夫, 山中寿, 松田祐了:慢性関節リウマチの早期診断;早期治療の必要性とその実際. 最新内科学体系プログレス4, pp330-344, 東京, 中山書店, 1997

• 6) Hulsemann JL, Zeidler H:Diagnostic evaluation of classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis and reactive arthritis in an early synovitis out-patient clinic. Ann Rheum Dis 58:278280, 1999

• 7) 近藤啓文, 小林茂人, 田中清介ら:日本リウマチ学会による早期慢性関節リウマチの診断基準 3. 診断基準の検証. リウマチ40:54-59, 2000

• 8) Woife F, Sharp JT:Radiographic outcome of recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis a 19-year study of radiographic progressin. Arthritis Rheum 41:1571-1582, 1998

• 9) Stenger AAME, Van Leeuwen MA, Houtman PM, et al:Early effective suppression of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis reduces radiographic progression. Brit J Rheumatology 37:1157-1163, 1998

• 10) McQueen FM, Stewart N, Crabbe J, et al:Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist in early rheumatoid arthritisreveals progression of erosions despite clinical improvement. Ann Rheum Dis 58:156-163, 1999
  pubmed

• 11) Hannonen P, Mottonen T, Hakola M, et al:Sulfasalazine in early rheumatoid arthritis a 48-weeks duoble-blind, prospective, pracebo controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 36:1501-1509, 1993

• 12) HERA study group:A randomized trial of Hydroxychloroquine in early rheumatoid arthritis; the HERA study. Am J Med 98:156168, 1995

• 13) Egsmose C, Lund B, Borg G, et al:Patient with rheumatoid arthritis benefit from early 2nd line therapy; 5 yearfollow-up of a prospective double blind placebo controlled study. J Rheumatology 22:2208-2213, 1995

• 14) Boers M, Verhoeven AC, Mcrkusse HM, et al:Randomised comparison of combined step-down prednisolon, methotrexate and sulphasalazine with sulphasalazine alone in early rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 350:309-318, 1997

• 15) Mottonen T, Hannonen P, Leirisalo-Repo M, et al:Comparison of combination therapy with single-drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis; a randomised trial. Lancet 353:1568-1573, 1999
  pubmed

• 16) Dougados M, Combe B, Cantagrel A, et al:Combination therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis; a randomised, controlled, double blind 52 week clinical trial of sulphasalazine and methotrexate compared with the single components. Ann Rheum Dis 58:220-225, 1999
  pubmed

• 17) Anderson JJ, Wells G, Verhoeven AC, et al:Factors predicting responce to treatment in rheumatoid arthritis theimportance of disease duration. Arthritis Rheum 43:22-29, 2000

• 18) Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Boers M, et al:American College of Rheumatology preliminary definition of improvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 38:727-735, 1995
  pubmed

• 19) 小松原良雄:リウマチ患者に対するDMARDs投与の現況. 平成11年度特定疾患調査研究報告(大阪骨・関節難病研究会), pp11-20, 大阪府環境保健部, 大阪府特定疾患研究会, 平成12年(2000)3月

P.66 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Garrett S, Jenkinson T, Gail Kennedy L, et al:A new approach to defining disease status in ankylosing spondylitis; the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. J Rheumatol 21:22862291, 1994

• 2) Santos H, Brophy S, Calin A:Exercise in ankylosing spondylitis; How much is Optimum? J Rheumatol 25:2156-2160, 1998
  pubmed

• 3) Claudepierre P, Sibilia J, Goupille P, et al:Evaluation of a French version of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index in patients with spondyloarthropathy. J Rheumatol 24:1954-1958, 1997
  pubmed

• 4) Dougados M, Guegen A, Nakache JP, et al:Evaluation of a functional index and an anicular index in ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 15:302-307, 1988

• 5) Calin A, Garrett S, Whitelock H, et al:A new approach to defining functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis; the development of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functioal Index. J Rheumatol 21:2281-2285, 1994

• 6) Ruof J, Sangha O, Stucki G:Evaluation of a German version of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and Dougados Functional Index (D-FI). Z Rheumatol 58:218-225, 1999

• 7) Ruof J, Stucki G:Comparison of the Dougados Functional lndex and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, a literature review. J Rheumatol 26:955-960, 1999

• 8) Spoorenberg A, van der Heijde D, de Klerk E, et al:A comparative study of the usefulness of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional lndex and the Dougados Functional lndex in the assessment of ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 26:961-965, 1999

• 9) Fries JF, Spitz P, Kraines RG, et al:Measurement of patient outcomes in arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 23:137-145, 1980
  pubmed

• 10) Meenan RF, Gertman PM, Mason JH:Measuring health status in arthritis; the arthritis impact measurement scales. Arthritis Rheum 23:146-152, 1980
  pubmed

• 11) Daltroy LH, Larson MG, Roberts WN, et al:A modification of the Health Assessment Questionnaire for the spondyloarthropathies. J Rheumatol 17:946950, 1990

• 12) Ward MM, Kuzix S:Validity and sensitivity to change of spondylitis-specific measures of functional disability. J Rheumatol 26:121-127, 1999
  pubmed

• 13) Mackay K, Mack C, Brophy S, et al:The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BSARI); a new validated approach to disease assessment. Arthritis Rheum 41:2263-2270, 1998

• 14) Calin A, Mackay K, Santos H, et al:A new dimension to outcome; application of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index. J Rheumatol 26:988-992, 1999

• 15) Dawes PT:Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score. J Rheumatol 26:993-996, 1999

• 16) Spoorenberg A, de Vlam K, van der Heijde D, et al:Radiological scoring methods in ankylosing spondylitis; reliability and sensitivity to change over one year. J Rheumatol 26:997-1002, 1999
  pubmed

• 17) Viitanen JV, Heikkila S, Kokko ML, et al:Clinical assessment of spinal mobility measurements in ankylosing spondylitis; a compact set for follow-up and trials? Clin Rheumatol 19:131-137, 2000

• 18) Jenkinson TR, Mallorie PA, Whitelock HC, et al:Defining spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis (AS); the Bath AS Metrology Index. J Rheumatol 21:1694-1698, 1994

• 19) Meenan RF, Mason JH, Anderson JJ, et al:AIMS2, The content and properties of a revised and expanded Arthritis lmpact Measurement Scales health status questionnaire. Arthritis Rheum 35:1-10, 1992
  pubmed

• 20) Guillemin F, Challier B, Urlacher F, et al:Quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis; Validation of the Ankylosing Spondylitis Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2, a modified Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales questionnaire. Arthritis Care Res 12:157-162, 1999
  pubmed

• 21) Jones SD, Steiner A, Garrett SL, et al:The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Global Score (BAS-G). Brit J Rheumatol 35:66-71, 1996

• 22) van der Heijde, Calin A, Dougados M, et al:Selection of instruments in the core set for DC-RT, SMARD, physical therapy, and clinical record keeping in ankylosing spondylitis. Progress report of the ASAS Working Group. J Rheumatol 26:951-954, 1999

• 23) Boers M, Brooks P, Strand CV, et al:The OMERACT filter for outcome measures in rheumatology (editorial). J Rheumatol 25:198-199, 1998
  pubmed

P.71 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Long AF:Exploring outcomes;approaches and key issues in Measuring outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (ed, Long AF, Scott DL), pp1-8, London, Royal College of Physicians of London, 1996

• 2) Doyle DV:The rheumatologist's perspective. ibid, pp23-28

• 3) Tugwell P, Pincus T, Yocum D, et al:Combination therapy with cyclosporine and methotrexate in severe rheumatoid arthritis. New Eng J Med 333:137-141, 1995
  pubmed

• 4) Scott DL:Measuring impairment in measuring outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (ed, Long AF, Scott DL), pp45 50, London, Royal College of Physician's of Longdon, 1996

• 5) Ware JE, Sherboume CD:The MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Status Survey (SF-36). 1 Conception framework and item selection. Med Care 30:473-483, 1992

• 6) Riemsma RP, Taal E, Brus HLM, et al:Coordinated individual education with an arthritis passport for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care and Research 10:238-249, 1997

• 7) 居村茂明:RAの医療経済. リウマチ病セミナーXII (七川歡次監修), pp245-252, 大阪, 永井書店, 2001

• 8) Yelin E, Wanke L:An assessment of the annual and long-term costs of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:1209-1218, 1999
  pubmed

P.81 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Relman DA, Schmidt TM, MacDermott RP, et al:Identification of the uncultured bacillus of Whipple's disease. N Engl J Med 327:293-301, 1992
  pubmed

• 2) Ramzan NM, Loftus E Jr, Burgart LJ, et al:Diagnosis and monitoring of Whipple disease by polymerase chain reaction. Ann Intem Med 126:52 (>527, 1997

• 3) Puechal X, Saad R, Poveda JD:Tropheryma whippelii in synovial tissue and fluid. Ann Inter Med 131:795-796, 1999

• 4) O'Duffy JD, Griffing WL, Li C-Y, et al:Whipple's disease; direct detection of Tropheryma whippelii in synovial fluid and tissue. Arthritis Rheum 42:812-817, 1999
  pubmed

• 5) Raoult D, Bing ML, La Scola B, et al:Cultivation of the bacillus of Whipple's disease. N Eng J Med 342:620-625, 2000

• 6) 楢本純一, 為近義夫, 新関寛ら:非特異性多発性小腸潰瘍に併存したWhipple病の1例. 胃と腸11:227-231, 1976

• 7) Durand DV, Lecomte C, Cathebras P, et al:Whipple disease. Clinical review of 52 cases. Medicine, pp170-184, Baltimore, 1997

• 8) Weiner SR, Utsinger P:Whipple disease. Seminars Arthritis Rheum 15:157-167, 1986

• 9) Puechal X:Whipple disease and arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 13:74-79, 2001
  pubmed

• 10) Olivieri I, Brandi G, Padula A et al:Lack of association with spondyloarthritis and HLA-B27 in Italian patients with Whipple's disease. J Rheumatol 28:1294-1297, 2001
  pubmed

• 11) Marie I, Levesque H, Levade MH, et al:Hypertrophic osteoarthrropathy can indicate recurrence of Whipple's disease. Arthritis Rheum 42:2002-2006, 1999
  pubmed

• 12) Lange U, Teichmann J:Diagnosis of Whipple's disease by molecular analysis of synovial fluid. Arthritis Rheum 42:1777-1778, 1999
  pubmed

• 13) Coria F, Cuadrado N, Velasco C, et al:Whipple's disease with isolated central nervous system symptomatology diagnosed by molecular identification of Tropheryma whippelii in peripheral blood. Neurologia 15:173-176, 2000
  pubmed

• 14) Schnider P, Trattnig S, Kollegger H, et al:MR of cerebral Whipple disease. Am J Neuroradiol 16:1328-1329, 1995
  pubmed

• 15) Naegeli B, Bannwart F, Bertel O:An uncommon cause of recurrent strokes. Tropheryma whippelii endocarditis. Stroke 31:2002-2003, 2000
  pubmed

• 16) Horton KM, Corl FM, Fishman EK:CT of nonneoplastic diseases of the small bowel; spectrum of disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr 23:417-428, 1999

• 17) Dobbins WO, Kawanishi H:Bacillary characteristics in Whipple's disease; an electron microscopic study. Gastroenterology 80:1468-1475, 1981
  pubmed

• 18) Muller C, Petermann D, Stain C, et al:Whipple's disease; comparison of histology with diagnosis based on polymerase chain reaction in four consecutive cases. Gut 40:425427, 1997

• 19) Cohen L, Berthet K, Dauga C, et al:Polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid to diagnose Whipple's disease. Lancet 347:329, 1996
  pubmed

• 20) Delanty N, Georgescu L, Lynch T, et al:Synovial fluid polymerase chain reaction as an aid to the diagnosis of central nervous system Whipple's disease. Ann Neurol 45:137, 1999

• 21) Rickman LS, Freeman WR, Green WR, et al:Uveitis caused by Tropheryma whippelii (Whipple's Bacillus). N Eng J Med 332:363-366, 1995

• 22) Gubler JGH, Kuster M, Dutly F, et al:Whipple endocarditis without overt gastrointestinal disease; report of four cases. Ann Int Med 131:112-116, 1999

• 23) Swartz MN:Whipple's disease; past, present, and future. N Eng J Med 342:648-650, 2000

• 24) Ehrbar H-U, Bauerfeind P, Dutly F, et al:PCR-positive tests for Tropheryma whippelii in patients without Whipple's disease. Lancet 353:2214, 1999
  pubmed

• 25) Dutly F, Hinrikson HP, Seidel T, et al:Tropheryma whippelii DNA in saliva of patients without Whipple's disease. Infection 28:219-222, 2000
  pubmed

• 26) Street S, Donoghue HD, Neild GH:Tropheryma whippelii in saliva of healthy people. Lancet 354:1178-1179, 1999
  pubmed

• 27) Maiwald M, Schuhmacher F, Ditton HJ, et al:A environmental occurrence of the Whipple's disease bacterium (Tropheryma whippelii). Appl Environ Microbiol 64:760-762, 1998
  pubmed

• 28) Drancourt M, Carlioz A, Raoult D:rpoB sequence analysis of cultured Tropheryma whippelii. J Clin Microbiol 39:2425-2430, 2001
  pubmed

• 29) Maiwald M, von Herbay A, Persing DH, et al:Tropheryma whippelii DNA is rare in the intestinal mucosa of patients without other evidence of Whipple disease. Ann Intern Med 134:115119, 2001

• 30) La Scola B, Fenollar F, Fournier PE, et al:Description of Tropheryma whippleigen. nov., sp. nov., the Whipple's disease bacillus. Int J Syst Evol Micobiol 51:1471-1479, 2001

• 31) Bjerknes R, Laerum OD, Odegaard S:Impaired bacterial degradation by monocytes and macrophages from a patient with treated Whipple's disease. Gastroenterology 89:1139-1146, 1985
  pubmed

• 32) Singer R:Diagnosis and treatment of Whipple's disease. Drugs 55:699-704, 1998
  pubmed

• 33) Garas G, Cheng WS, Abrugiato R, et al:Clinical relapse in Whipple's disease despite maintenance therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 15:1223-1226, 2000
  pubmed

• 34) Levy M, Poyart C, Lamarque D, et al:Whipple's disease;acquired resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Am J Gastroenterol 95:2390-2391, 2000
  pubmed

P.91 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Larheim TA, Smith HJ, Aspestrand F:Temporomandibular joint abnormalities associated with rheumatic disease; comparison between MR imaging and arthrotomography. Radiology 183:221-226, 1992
  pubmed

• 2) Chalmers IM, Blair GS:Rheumatoid arthris of the temporomandibular joint. Quart J Med 17:369-386, 1973

• 3) 日本顎関節学会:顎関節症の症型分類の改訂について. 日顎誌13:会告, 2001

• 4) Tegelberg A, Kopp S:Clinical findings in the stomatognathic system for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis. Acta Odontol Scand 45:65-75, 1987
  pubmed

• 5) Ettla-Ylitalo UM, Syrjanen S, Halonen P:Functional disturbances of the masticatory system related to temporomandibular joint involvement by rheumatoid arthritis. J Oral Rehabil 14:415-427, 1987

• 6) Westesson P, Katzbverg RW:Temporomandibular joints. In;Head and Neck Imaging (Ed, Som PM, Curtin HD), pp375-433, St. Louis, Mosby, 1996

• 7) Redlund-Johnell I:Radiographic measurement of severe temporomandibular joint destruction at cervical radiography. Scand J Rheumatol 16:355-359, 1987
  pubmed

• 8) Sugahara T, Mori T, Kawamoto T, et al:Obstructive sleep apnea associated with temporomandibular joint destruction by rheumatoid arthritis. J Maxillofac Surg 52:876879, 1994

• 9) Oshrain HI, Sackler A:Involvement of the temporomandibular joint in a case of rheumatoid arthritis. Oral Surg 8:1039-1043, 1955

• 10) 植野高章, 川本知明, 福永城司ら:慢性関節リウマチ患者にみられたリウマチ性顎関節炎の顎関節部のアミロイド沈着の病理組織学的観察. 日顎誌3:344-347, 2000

• 11) Cunnane G, Hummel KM, Muller-Ladner U, et al:Mechanism of joint destruction in rheumatoid. Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis 46:1-7, 1998
  pubmed

• 12) Ochi T, Hakomori S, Adachi M, et al:The presence of myeloid cell population showing strong reactivity with monoclonal antibody directed to difucosyl type 2 chain in epiphyseal bone marrow adjacent to joints affected with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its absence in the corresponding normal and non-RA bone marrow. J Rheumatol 15:1609-1615, 1988
  pubmed

• 13) Suenaga S, Ogura T, Matsuda T, et al:Severity of synovium and bone marrow abnormalities of the temporomandibular joint in early rheumatoid arthritis;role of gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted spin echo MRI. J Computer Assisted Tomography 24:461-465, 2000

• 14) Morie A:Secondary systemic amyloidosis; response and survival in 64 patients. Medicine 70:246255, 1991

• 15) 菅原利夫, 川本知明, 森悦秀ら:慢性関節リウマチの顎関節破壊による呼吸困難症例に対する顎関節全置換術の応用. 口科誌42:606612, 1993

• 16) Redlund-Johnell I:Upper airway obstruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and temporomandibular joint destruction. Scand J Rheumatol 17:273-279, 1988
  pubmed

• 17) 菅原利夫, 森悦秀, 南克浩:人工顎関節. リウマチ病セミナーVI (七川歡次監修), pp253-266, 大阪, 永井書店, 1995

骨関節,脊椎,神経

P.96 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Rashad S, Revell P, Hemingway A, et al:Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the course of osteoarthritis. Lancet 2:519-522, 1989
  pubmed

• 2) Ronca F, Palmieri L, Panicucci P, et al:Anti-inflammatory activity of chondroitin sulfate. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 6:14-21, 1998
  pubmed

• 3) Bassleer C, Rovati L, Franchimont P:Stimulation of proteoglycan production by glucosamine sulfate in chondrocytes isolated from human osteoarthritic cartilage in Vitro. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 6:427-434, 1998
  pubmed

• 4) Uebelhart D, Thonar EA, Zhang J, et al:Protective effect of exogenous chondroitin 4, 6-sulfate in the acute degradiation of articular cartilage in the rabbit. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 6:6-13, 1998

• 5) Mc Alindon TE, La Valley MP, Gulin JP, et al:Glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment of osteoarthritis. JAMA 283:1469-1475, 2000
  pubmed

• 6) 梶本修身ら:変形性膝関節症に対するグルコサミン塩酸塩の治療効果. 日臨栄養会誌20:41-47, 1998

• 7) 戸田佳孝, 戸田圭美, 加藤章子ら:変形性膝関節症に対する栄養補助食品の効果-塩酸グルコサミンと硫酸コンドロイチン-. 整形・災害外科43:931-937, 2000

• 8) Sellers R, Zhang R, Glasson SS, et al:Repair of articular cartilage defects one year after treatment with recombunant human bone morphogenetic protein-2. J Bone Joint Surg, 82, A:151-160, 2000
  pubmed

• 9) Hunziker EB, Schenk RK:A differential treatment protocol for inducing cartilage and bone repair in full-thickness articular cartilage defects. Trans Orthop Res Soc 20:170, 1995

• 10) Cuevas P, Burgos J, Baird A:Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes cartilage repair in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 156:611-618, 1988
  pubmed

• 11) Wakitani S, Imoto K, Kirnura T, et al:Hepatocyte growth factor facilitates repair;full thickness articular cartilage defect studied in rabbit knees. Acta Orthop Scand 68:474-480, 1997

• 12) Henderson B, Thompson RC, Hardingham T, et al:Inhibition of interleukin-1-induced synovitis and articular cartilage proteoglycan loss in the rabbit knee by recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Cytokine 3:246-249, 1991
  pubmed

• 13) Garcia AM, Lark MW, Trippel SB, et al:Transport of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 through cartilage;contributions of fiuid flow and electrical migration. J Orthop Res 16:734-472, 1998

P.105 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Silman AJ, MacGregor AJ, Thomson W, et al:TWin concordance rate for rheumatoid arthritis;results from a nationwide study. Brit J Rheumatol 32:903-907, 1993

• 2) Miller FJ:Genetics of environmentary associated rheumatic disease. In; Rheumatic disease and the environment (Eds, Kaufman LD, Varga J), pp33-41, London, Amold, 1999

• 3) Kaplan MJ:Mechanisms of autommunity in environmentary induced connective tissue diseases. In; Rheumatic disease and the environment (Eds, Kaufman LD, Varga J), pp19-31, London, Arnold, 1999

• 4) Crew D, Willingham E, Skipper JK:Endocrine disruptors; present issues, future directions. The Quart Rev Biol 75:243-260, 2000

• 5) Masi AT, Chang HJ:Ciarette smoking and other aquired risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. In; Rheumatic disease and the environment (Eds, Kaufman LD, Varga J), pp111-127, London, Amold, 1999

• 6) Heliovaava M, Ahok, Knekt P, et al:Coffee consumption, rheumatoid factor, and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 59:631-635, 2000

• 7) Silman AJ, Newman J, MacGregor AJ:Cigarette smoking increases the risk of rheumatoid arthritis; result
  pubmed

• 8) Felson DT:Occupation-related physical factors and osteoarthritis. In; Rheumatic disease and the environment (Eds, Kaufman LD, Varga J), pp 189-195, London, Arnold, 1999

• 9) 志水正敏:ストレスと慢性関節リウマチ. リウマチ病セミナー IX(七川歡次監修), pp31-37, 大阪, 永井書店, 1998

• 10) 沢田亨, 田中宏暁, 武藤孝司:体力とがん死亡に関する疫学研究. 治療82:128-129, 2000

• 11) Blair SN, Kohl III HW, Paffenbarger RS, et al:Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA 262:2395-2407, 1989

P.110 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Willis T:The London Practice of Physick, p404, London, Thomas Basset and William Crook, 1685

• 2) Wittmaack T:Pathologie und Therapie der Sensibilitat-Neurosen. Lehrbuch der Nervenkrankheiten, vol. 1, p459, Leipzig, E Schafer, 1861

• 3) Beard GM:A practical treatise on nervous exhaustion, 2nd ed, pp 41-42, New York, William Woon & Co, 1880

• 4) Oppenheim H:Lehrbuch der Nervenkrankheiten, 7th ed, p1774, Berlin, S Karger, 1923

• 5) Mussio-Fourier JG, Rawak F:Familliares Auftreten von Pruritus, Urtikaria und parasthetisher Hyperkinese der unteren Extremitaten. Confnia Neurol 3:10-114, 1940

• 6) Allison FG:Obscure pains in chest, back or limbs, Can Med Assoc J 48:3638, 1943
  pubmed

• 7) Ekbom KA:Asthenia crurum paresthetica (irritable legs). Acta Med Scand 118:197-209, 1944

• 8) Ekbom KA:Restless legs syndrome. Acta Med Scand (Suppl) 158:1-123, 1945

• 9) Ekbom KA:Restless legs syndrome. Neurology 10:868-873, 1960
  pubmed

• 10) Strang RR:Symptom of restless legs. Med J Aust 1:1211-1213, 1967
  pubmed

• 11) Montplaisir J, Godbout R, Boghen D, et al:Familliar restless legs with periodic movements in sleep; Electrophysiologic, biochemical and phamacologic study. Neurology 35:130-134, 1985

• 12) Boghen D and Peyronnard JM:Myoclonus in familiar restless legs syndrome. Arch Neurol 33:368-370, 1976

• 13) 谷口充孝, 江川功, 鬼頭ひろ志ら:小児期に発症した家族性むずむず脚症候群の一例. 第23回日本睡眠学会での報告

• 14) Jolivet B:Paresthesies agitantes nocturnes des membres inferieurs impatienencess, pp1-83, Paris, Imprimerier, Foulon, Paris, 1955

• 15) Ask-Upmark E:Contribution to pathogenesis of syndrome of restless legs. Acta Med Scand 164:231-232, 1959
  pubmed

• 16) Banerji NK, Hurwitz LJ:Restless legs syndrome, with particular reference to its occurrence after gastric surgery. Br Med J 4:774-775, 1970
  pubmed

• 17) Parrow W, Werner I:The treatment of restlesg. legs. Acta Med Scand 180:401-406, 1966

• 18) Callagan N:Restless legs syndrome in uremic neuropathy. Neurology (Minneap) 16:359-361, 1966

• 19) Read DJ, Feest TG, Nassim MA:Clonazepam; effective treatment for restless legs syndrome in uremia. Br Med J 283:885-886, 1981

• 20) Reynolds G, Blake DR, Pall HS, et al:Restless legs syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med J 292:659-660, 1986

• 21) 江川功, 稲谷貴義, 杉田義郎ら:Restless legs症候群を合併した腎透析中の患者に出現するPeriodic Movements in Sleep (PMS)の発現様式, 神経進歩36:158162, 1992

• 22) Ekbom KA:Growing pains and restless legs. Acta Paediatr Scand 64:264-266, 1975
  pubmed

• 23) Spillane JD, Nathan PW, Kelly RE, et al:Painful legs and moving toes. Brain 94:541-556, 1971
  pubmed

• 24) Norlander NB:Therapy in restless legs. Acta Med Scand 145:453-457, 1953

• 25) Ben-Shachar D, Finberg JPM, Youdim BH:Etifect of iron chelator on dopamine D receptors. J Neurochem 45:999-1005, 1985

• 26) Botez MI, Cadotte M, Beaulieu R, et al:Neurologic disorders responsive to folic acid therapy. CMA Journal 115:217-223, 1976

• 27) 江川功:透析患者にみられる睡眠障害の特徴-特にRestless legs syndromeとPeriodic movements in sleepについて. 大阪大学医学雑誌46:409-422, 1994

• 28) Hellman S, Tschudy DP:"Restless legs" syndrome in acute intermittent porphyria. Ann Intern Med 56:487-489, 1962

• 29) Colinet E and Maragauskas JE:Paresthesie agitante nocturne des membres inferieurs. J Belge Med Phys Rhum 14:224-230, 1959

• 30) Heinze F, Frame B, Fine C:Restless legs and orthostatic hypotension in primary amyloidosis. Arch Neurol 16:497-500, 1967

• 31) Haeger K:Diagnostika och terapeutika observationer vid restless legs. Svenska Lat-Tidn 61:2043-2052, 1964

• 32) Montplaisir J, Godbout R, Poirier G, et al:Restless legs syndrome and periodic movements in sleep; Physiopathology and treatment with 1-Dopa. Clin Neurophamacol 9:456-463, 1986

• 33) Turjanski N, Lees Al, Brooks DJ:Striatal dopaminergic function in restless legs syndrome; 18F-dopa and 11 Craclopride PET. Neurology 52:932-937, 1999

• 34) Salih A, Gray RES, Mills KR, et al:A clincal serological and neurophysiological study of restless legs syndromein rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheum 33:60-63, 1994

• 35) Yunus M, Aldag JC:Restless legs syndrome and leg cramps in fibromyalgia syndrome;a controlled study BMJ 312:1339, 1996
  pubmed

• 36) Guilleminault C, Cetel H, Philip P:Dopaminergic treatment of restless legs and rebound phenominon. Neurology 43:445-447, 1993

• 37) Wetter TC, Stiasny K, Winkelmann A, et al:A randomized controlled study of pergolide in patients with restless legs syndrome. Neurology 52:944-950, 1999

• 38) Montplaisir J, Nicolas R, Denesle R, et al:Restless legs syndrome improved by pramipexole; a double-blind randomized trial Neurology 52:938-943, 1999

P.116 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Aymond, et al:Neuralgic amyotrophy. Orthop Rev 18:1275-1279, 1989
  pubmed

• 2) Bradley WG, et al:Recurrent brachial plexus neuropathy. Brain 98:381-398, 1975
  pubmed

• 3) England JD, Summer AJ:Neuralgic amyotrophy diverse entity. Muscle Nerve 10:60-68, 1987

• 4) Favero KJ, et al:Neuralgic amyotrophy. JBJS 69-B:195-198, 1987

• 5) Parsonage MJ, Turner JWA:Neuralgic amyotrophy; the shoulder girdle syndrome. Lancet 1:973-978, 1948
  pubmed

• 6) Subramony SH:Neuralgic amyotrophy. Muscle Nerve 11:39-44, 1988
  pubmed

• 7) 立花新太郎ら:Neuralgic amyotrophy. 別冊整形外科6:217-222, 1984

• 8) Tonali P, et al:So called neuralgic amyotrophy; clinical features and long term follow-up. Ital J Neurol Sci 4:431-437, 1983
  pubmed

• 9) Williams AJ:Diabetic neuralgic amyotrophy. Postgrad Med J 57:450452, 1982

• 10) Sierra A, Prat J, Roman A, et al:Blood lymphocytes are sensitized to brachial plexus nerves in patients with neuralgic amyotrophy. Acta Neurol Scand 83:183-186, 1991

• 11) England JD:The variations of neuralgic amyotrophy. Muscle Nerve 22:435-436, 1999
  pubmed

• 12) 末原雅人ら:沖縄型家族性神経原性筋萎縮症. 医療55:101-103, 2001

P.128 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Staffel F:Die menschlichen Haltungs Typen, Wiesbaden, JF Bergman, 1889

• 2) Wiles P:Postural deformities of anteroposterior curves of the spine. Lancet II:911-919, 1937

• 3) 山口義臣, 鈴木信正, 末沢慶紀ら:日本人の姿勢の分類とその加齢的変化の検討. 整形外科27:981-989, 1976

• 4) 竹光義治:新整形外科学, 上巻 (岩原寅緒, 片山良亮監修), pp446-488, 東京, 医学書院, 1979

• 5) 有田親史, 小林郁雄:老人の脊柱変形の分析. 臨整外15:115-122, 1980

• 6) 仲田和正:老人姿勢の研究. 日整会誌62:1149-1161, 1988

• 7) 佐藤光三, 若松英吉, 笠間史夫ら:脊椎骨粗鬆症における脊柱変形と腰背部痛の検討. 整・災外28:679-686, 1985

• 8) 戸山芳昭, 長山信幸, 田中耕一ら:骨粗鬆症に伴う脊椎圧迫骨折と脊柱変形. 別冊整形外科12:7-13, 1987

• 9) 原田吉雄:姿勢の特徴. 図説整形外科診断治療講座 I. 腰痛, pp6677, 東京, メジカルビュー社, 1989

• 10) 杉本友宏:中高年女性の脊椎姿勢の変化に関する研究-椎体骨折の影響-. 愛知医大学会誌25:231-246, 1997

• 11) 竹光義治, 原田吉雄, 熱田裕司ら:中高年齢者の腰部変性後湾. 別冊整形外科12:18-21, 1987

• 12) 小林徹也, 熱田裕司, 武田直樹ら:姿勢と腰痛-特に中高年者の姿勢変化について-. 脊椎脊髄13:545-549, 2000

• 13) Floyd WF, Silver PHS:Function of the erectores spinae in flexion of the trunk. Lancet I:133-134, 1951
  pubmed

• 14) Kippers V, Parker AW:Posture related to myoelectric silence or erectores during trunk flexion. Spine 7:740-745, 1984
  pubmed

• 15) 紺野慎一, 菊池臣一:姿勢と筋内圧. 脊椎脊髄13:428-431, 2000

• 16) 飯盛仁志:歩行における前傾姿勢が下肢筋の筋活動量に及ぼす変化-高齢者歩行との比較検討-. 日医大誌 61:17-25, 1994

• 17) 竹光義治, 原田吉雄, 熱田裕司ら:高齢者の各種脊柱後弩と腰痛. 整・災外36:901-907, 1993

• 18) 福永哲夫:高齢者に対しての筋力トレーニングの意義と指導の内容およびその注意点. 臨床スポーツ医学16:993-1001, 1999

• 19) 勝田茂:高齢者エリートアスリートの事例. 臨床スポーツ医学16:1015-1022, 1999

• 20) Itoi E, Sinaki M:Effect of back-strengthening exercise on posture in healthy women 49 to 65 years of age. Mayo Clin Proc 69:1054-1059, 1994
  pubmed

• 21) 武政龍一, 山本博司, 谷俊, ら:慢性腰痛に対する体幹筋強化訓練. 理学診療5:90-95, 1994

• 22) 森田定雄:姿勢異常による腰痛をどう評価するか. 臨床リハ9:602-606, 2000

• 23) 市村正一:骨粗鬆症性脊椎圧迫骨折の病態とMRI. 脊椎脊髄13:515523, 2000

• 24) 山本博司, 柴田敏博, 池内昌彦:骨粗鬆性脊椎圧迫骨折に対するリン酸カルシウム骨セメント椎体内注入補填術. 臨整外34:435-442, 1999

• 25) 長総義弘, 菊池臣一, 紺野慎一:腰痛性間欠破行の臨床的検討. 整・災外35:683-688, 1992

• 26) 小森博達:高齢者の腰痛-その見方とリハアプローチ-. 臨床リハ9:225-230, 2000

• 27) 平泉裕, 佐藤秀二, 杉本太ら:高齢者の脊柱変形と疼痛. 整形外科45:1193-1200, 1994

• 28) 竹光義治:老年者の骨折に関する研究 (骨粗鬆症性脊椎骨折による不良姿勢の病態) . 長寿科学総合研究, 平成7年度研究報告6:297-302, 1996

• 29) 早坂弘司, 伊礼修, 国分正一:腰椎姿勢の変化における大腰筋の役割. 日本腰痛会誌2:27-32, 1996

• 30) 西林保朗:高齢者後弯の病態新しい概念で捕えるべき前屈症-. リウマチ病セミナーV (七川歡次監修), pp121-132, 大阪, 永井書店, 1994

• 31) Katz JS, Wolfe GI, Burns DK, et al:Isolated neck extensor myopathy; a common cause of dropped head syndrome. Neurology 46:917-921, 1996
  pubmed

• 32) Petiot P, Vial C, de Saint Victor JF, et al:Syndrome de la tete tombante; discussion diagnostique a propos de 3 cas. Rev Neurol 153:251-255, 1997

• 33) 川上紀明, 松原祐二, 金村徳相ら:側弯と腰痛. 脊椎脊髄13:507-514, 2000

• 34) Winter RB, Lonstein JE, Denis F:Pain pattern in adult scoliosis. Orthop Clin North Am 19:339-345, 1988

• 35) Weinstein SL, Iavala DC, Ponseti IV:Idiopathic scoliosis; long-term follow-up and progression in untreated patients. J Bone Joint Surg 63-A:702-712, 1981

• 36) Kostuik JP, Bentivoglio J:The incidence of low back pain in adult scoliosis. Spine 6:268-273, 1981
  pubmed

• 37) 中井吉英, 町田英世, 阿部哲也:心と痛み. 整形外科51:893-896, 2000

• 38) 田口敏彦:心因性腰痛. 脊椎脊髄13:550-554, 2000

• 39) 白土修, 伊藤俊一:腰痛患者に対するリハビリテーション. 脊椎脊髄13:590-599, 2000

• 40) 高橋誠, 四宮謙一:腰痛への遺伝子学的アプローチ. 脊椎脊髄13:462-466, 2000

• 41) 杉浦康夫:痛みと解剖学-痛みの解剖学的背景-. 整形外科51:871-878, 2000

P.136 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 小野秀俊, 佐々木克則:バスケットボール. 理学療法16:484489, 1999

• 2) Prebble TB, Chyou PH, Wittman L, et al:Basketball injuries in a rural area. Wisconsin Med J 98:22-24, 1999

• 3) Bassett III FH, Croder HM:Basketball injuries and treatment. In; Sports injury management. A quarterly series, Vol. 1, No. 4 (Ed, Malone TR), Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1988

• 4) Messina DF, Farney WC, DeLee JC:The incidence of injury in Texas high school basketball. A prospective study among male and female athletes. Am J Sports Med 27:294-299, 1999
  pubmed

• 5) Henry JH, Lareau B, Neigut D:The injury rate in professional basketball. Am J Sports Med 10:1618, 1982

• 6) 村井美奈, 前田克史, 高橋小夜利ら:バスケットボールにおける膝前十字靱帯損傷の受傷調査. 北海道理学療法士会誌16:71-75, 1999

• 7) Harmon KG, Dick R:The relationship of skill level to anterior cruciate ligament injury. Clin J Sport Med 8:260 265, 1998

• 8) 谷仁孝, 井上康二:近位脛腓関節の臨床症状. リウマチ病セミナーV (七川歡次監修), pp133-141, 大阪, 永井書店, 1994

• 9) 西林保朗:靱帯のhyperlaxityと過度運動性症候群. リウマチ病セミナーX (七川歡次監修), pp114-132, 大阪, 永井書店, 1999

• 10) Rozzi S, Lephart SM, Gear WS, et al:Knee joint laxity and neuromuscular characteristics of male and female soccer and basketball players. Am J Sports Med 27:312-319, 1999
  pubmed

• 11) 井原秀俊:関節トレーニング. 改訂第2版-神経運動器強調訓練-, 東京, 協同医書出版社, 1998

P.146 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 辻本正記:前胸壁の痛み. リウマチ病セミナーIV (七川歡次監修), pp78-86, 大阪, 永井書店, 1993

• 2) 福田宏明, 伊勢亀富士朗, 戸松泰介ら:胸鎖関節機能とその障害の吟昧. 整形外科24:971-983, 1973

• 3) Inman VT, Saunders JB, Abbott LC:Observations on the function of the shoulder joint. J Bone Joint Surg 26:1-30, 1944

• 4) Ono K, Inagawa H, Kiyoto K, et al:Posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint with obstruction of the innominate vein. J Trauma 44:381-383, 1998

• 5) Rockwood CA Jr, Wirth MA:Injuries to the sternoclavicular joint. ln; Fractures in adults, 4rd ed (Ed, Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP), pp1415-1471, Philadelphia PA, Lippincott, 1996

• 6) Daus GP, Drez D, Newton BB, et al:Migration of a Kirschner wire from the sternum to the right ventricle; a case report. Am J Sports Med 21:321-322, 1993

• 7) Wohlgethan JR, Newberg AH, Reed JI:The risk of abcess from sternoclavicular septic arthritis. J Rheumatol 15:1302-1306, 1988

• 8) 川崎拓, 松本圭司, 福田眞輔ら:結核性胸鎖関節炎の一例. 日関誌12:311-316, 1993

• 9) Sonozaki H, Mitsui H, Niyanaga Y, et al:Clinical features of 53 cases with pusturotic arthro-ostitis. Ann Rheum Dis 40:547-553, 1981

• 10) Torii H, Nakagawa H, lshibasi Y:Osteoarthritis in 84 Japanese patients with palmoplantar pustulosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 31:732-735, 1994

• 11) 川井和夫:掌蹠膿疱症に伴った胸鎖関節炎. 関節外科10:1379-1387, 1991

• 12) Kawai K, Doita M, Tateishi H, et al:Bone and joint lesions associated with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris; a clinical and histological sttldy. J Bone Joint Surg 70B:117-122, 1988

• 13) Chamot AM, Benhamou CL, Kahn MF, et al:Le syndrome acne pustulose hyperostose osteite (SAPHO). Resultats d'une enquete nationale. 85 observations. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 54:187-196, 1987
  pubmed

• 14) Hayem G, Bouchaud-Chabot A, Benali K, et al:SAPHO syndrome; a long-term follow-up study of 120 cases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 29:159-171, 1999
  pubmed

• 15) Taccari E, Spadaro A, Riccieri V, et al:Sternoclavicular joint disease in psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 51:372-374, 1992
  pubmed

• 16) 片岡康文, 鈴木勝己, 小林靖幸ら:RAにより胸鎖関節脱臼をきたした1症例. 九州リウマチ5:222-225, 1986

• 17) 塚西茂昭:RAにおける胸鎖関節. 関節外科17:21-23, 1992

• 18) 鈴木俊博, 池内宏:胸鎖関節に巨大なリウマチ結節を形成した慢性関節リウマチの1例. 関東整災誌20:22-26, 1989

• 19) Gorman JB, Stone RT, Keats TE:Changes in the sternoclavicular joint following radical neck dissection. Am J Roentgenol 111:584-587, 1971

P.151 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Angervall L, Stener B:Tumoriform focal muscular degeneration in two diabetic patients. Diabetologia 1:39-42, 1965

• 2) Taira M, Komiya I, Taira T, et al:A case of diabetic muscle infarction in Japan. Diabet Med 15:1065-1067, 1998
  pubmed

• 3) 佐藤明子, 渡邊雅彦, 大越教夫ら:MRIにて両側大腿内転筋群に病変を認めた糖尿病性筋梗塞 (diabetic muscle infarction) の1例. 臨床神経39:321-326, 1999

• 4) Aboulafia AJ, Monson DK, Kennon RE:Clinical and radiological aspects of idiopathic diabetic muscle infarction; rational approach to diagnosis and treatment. J Bone Joint Surg 81-B:323-326, 1999

• 5) Spengos K, Wohrle JC, Binder J, et al:Bilateral diabetic infarction of the anterior tibial muscle. Diabetes Care 23:699-701, 2000
  pubmed

• 6) Anglada M, Vidaller A, Bolao F, et al:Diabetic infarction. Muscle Nerve 23:825-826, 2000
  pubmed

• 7) Grigoriadis E, Fam AD, Starok M, et al:Skeletal muscle infarction in diabetes mellitus. J Rheumatol 27:1063-1068, 2000

• 8) Delaney-Sathy LO, Fessell DP, Jacobson JA, et al:Sonography of diabetic muscle infarction with MR imaging, CT, and pathologic correlation. AJR 174:165169, 2000

• 9) Jelinek JS, Murphey MD, Aboulafia AJ, et al:Muscle infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus; MR imaging findings. Radiology 211:241-247, 1999
  pubmed

• 10) Chester CS, Banker BQ:Focal infarction of muscle in diabetics. Diabetes Care 9:623-630, 1986
  pubmed

• 11) Bjornskov EK, Carry MR, Katz FH, et al:Diabetic muscle infarction; a new perspective on pathogenesis and management. Neuromuscul Disord 5:39-45, 1995
  pubmed

• 12) 日本糖尿病学会編:糖尿病学用語集, 東京, 文光堂, 2001

• 13) Kahn CR, Weir GC:Joslin's Diabetes Mellitus 13th edition, Malvern, Lea & Febiger, 1994

• 14) Banker BQ, Chester CS:Infarction of thigh muscle in the diabetic patient. Neurology 23:667-677, 1973
  pubmed

• 15) Levinsohn EM, Bryan PJ:Computed tomography in unilateral extremity swelling of unusual cause. J Comput Assist Tomogr 3:67-70, 1979

• 16) Reich S, Wiemer SN, Chester S, et al:Clinical and radiologic features of spontaneous muscle infarction in the diabetic. Clin Nucl Med 10:876-879, 1985

• 17) Boluda B, Mesa J, Obiolic G, et al:Focal muscle infarction in a diabetic. Diabetes Metabo 15:269-270, 1989

• 18) Ratliff JL, Matthews J, Blalock JC, et al:Infarction of the quadriceps muscle; complication of diabetic vasculopathy. South Med J 79:1595, 1991

• 19) Lauro GR, Kissel JT, Simon SR:Idiopathic muscular infarction in a diabetic patient. J Bone Joint Surg 73A:301-304, 1991

• 20) Barohn RJ, Kissel JT:Painful thigh mass in a young woman; diabetic muscle infarction. Muscle Nerve 15:850-855, 1992

• 21) Becker BN, Otley CC, McNeill DB, et al:Microangiopathic ischemic myopathy of semimembranosus muscle in patient with diabetic mellitus. Diabetes Care 15:586587, 1992

• 22) Barton KL, Palmer BF:Bilateral infarction of the vastus lateralis muscle in a diabetic patient;a case report and review of the literature. J Diabetes Complications 7:221-223, 1993

• 23) Rocca PV, Alloway JA, Nashel DJ:Diabetic muscle infarction. Semin Arthritis Rheum 22:280-287, 1993
  pubmed

• 24) Hinton A, Heinrich SD, Craver R:Idiopathic diabetic musclar infarction; the role of ultrasound. CT, MRI, and biopsy. Orthopaedics 16:623-625, 1993

• 25) Nunez-Hoyo M, Gardner CL, Motta AO, et al:Skeletal muscle infarction in diabetes; MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 17:986-988, 1993
  pubmed

• 26) Bodner RA, Younger DS, Rosoklija G:Diabetic muscle infarction. Muscle Nerve 17:949-950, 1994
  pubmed

• 27) Barohn RJ, Bazan IIIC, Timmons JH, et al:Bilateral diabetic thigh muscle infarction. J Neurol 4:43-44, 1994

• 28) Kiers L:Diabetic muscle infarction;magnetic resonance imaging avoids the need for biopsy. Muscle Nerve, pp129-130, 1995

• 29) Van Slyke MA, Ostrov BE:MRI evaluation of diabetic muscle infarction. Magn Reson Imaging 13:325-329, 1995
  pubmed

• 30) Umpierrez GE, Stiles RG, Jennifer Kleinbart, et al:Diabetic muscle infarction. Am J Med 101:245250, 1996

• 31) Chason DP, Fleckenstein JL, Buruns DK, et al:Diabetic muscle infarction; radiologic evaluation. Skeletal Radiol 25:127-132, 1996

• 32) Vande Berg B, Malghem J, Puttemans T, et al:Idiopathic muscular infarction in a diabetic patient. Skeletal Radiol 25:183-185, 1996

• 33) Khoury NJ, El-Khoury GY, Kathol MH:MRI diagnosis of diabetic muscle infarction; report of two cases. Skeletal Radiol 26:122-127, 1997
  pubmed

• 34) Scully RE, Mark EJ, Mcnnely WF, et al:Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. N Engl J Med 337:839-845, 1997

• 35) Anonymous:Image interpretation session:1996. Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI). Radiographics 17:246-248, 1997

• 36) Eady JL, Cobbs KF:Diabetic muscle infarction. South Orthop Assoc 6:250-255, 1997
  pubmed

• 37) Keller DR, Erpelding M, Grist T:Diabetic muscle infarction. Preventing morbidity by avoiding excisional biopsy. Arch Intem Med 157:1611-1612, 1997

燐・カルシウム代謝

P.163 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Tatsumi S, Segawa H, Morita K, et al:Molecular clonig and hormonal regulation of PiT-1, a sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter from rat parathyroid glands. Endocrinology 139:1692-1699, 1998

• 2) Caverzasio J, Bonjour JP:Characteristics and regulation of Pi transport in osteogenic cells for bone metabolism. Kidney Int 49:957-980, 1996

• 3) Palmer G, Bonjour J p, Caverzasio J:Expression of a newly identified phosphate transporter/retrovirus receptor in human SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells and its regulation by insulin-like growth factor I. Endocrinology 138:5202-5209, 1997
  pubmed

• 4) Li YC, Amling M, Pirro AE, et al:Normalization of mineral ion homeostasis by dietary means prevents hyperparathyroidism, rickets and osteomalacia, but not alopecia in vitamin D receptor-ablated mice. Endocrinology 139:4391-4396, 1998

• 5) Koohsw, Fraser D, Reilly BJ, et al:Rickets due to calcium deficiency. N Engl J Med 297:1264-1266, 1977
  pubmed

• 6) Pettifor JM, Ross FP, Travers R, et al:Dietary calcium deficiency; a syndrome associated with bone deformities and elevated serum 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 2:301-306, 1981

• 7) Endo I, Inoue D, Mitsui T, et al:Physiological roles of vitamin D as a regulator of muscle development; downregulation of Myo D family of transcription factors via the Vitamin D receptor (VDR). J Bone Miner Res 15:S322, 2000

• 8) Shinki T, Jin CH, Nishimura A, et al:Parathyroid hormone inhibits 24-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase mRNA expression stimulated by 1a, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat kidney but not in intestine. J Biol Chem 267:13757-13762, 1992

• 9) Burgous-Trinidad M, DeLuca HF:Kinetic properties of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase from chick kidney. Biochem Biophys Acta 1078:226-230, 1991

• 10) Prader A, Illig R, Heierli E:Eine besondere form der primaren vitamin D-resistenen rachitismit hypocalcemic und autosomal dominanten erbganag;Die hereditare pseudo-mangelrachitis. Helv Paediatr Acta 16:452-468, 1961

• 11) Labu da M, Morgan K, Glorieux FH:Mapping autosomal recessive vitamin D dependency type I to chromosome 12g14 by linkage analysis. Am J Hum Genet 47:2836, 1990

• 12) Takeyama K, Kitanaka S, Sato T, et al:25-hydroxyvitamin D31a-hydroxylase and vitamin D synthesis. Science 277:1827-1830, 1997

• 13) Kitanaka S, Takeyama K, Murayama A, et al:Inactivating mutations in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D31a-hydroxylase gene in patients with pseudovitamin D-deficient rickets. N Engl J Med 338:653-661, 1998

• 14) St-Arnand R, Messerlian S, Moir JM, et al:The 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1a-hydroxylase gene maps to the pseudovitamin D-deficiency rickets (PDDR) disease locus. J Bone Miner Res 12:1552-1559, 1997

• 15) Shinki T, Shimada H, Wakino S, et al:Cloning and expression of rat 25-hydroxyvitamin D31a-hydroxylase cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:12920-12925, 1997

• 16) Fu GK, Lin P, Zhang MYH, et al:Cloning of human 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1a-hydroxylase gene and mutations causing vitamin D-deficient rickets type I. Mol Endocrinol 11:1961-1970, 1997

• 17) Wang JT, Lin C-J, Burridge SM, et al:Genetics of vitamin D 1a-hydroxylase deficiency in 17 families. Am J Hum Genet 63:1694-1702, 1998

• 18) Smith SJ, Rucka AK, Berry JL, et al:Novel mutations in the 1a-hydroxylase (P450cl) gene in three families with pseudovitamin D-deficiency rickets resulting in loss of functional enzyme activity in blood-derived macrophages. J Bone Miner Res 14:730-739, 1999

• 19) Kitanaka S, Murayama A, Sakaki T, et al:No enzyme activity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D31a-hydroxylase gene product in pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets, including that with mild clinical manifestation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:4111-4117, 1999

• 20) Brooks MH, Bell NH, Love L, et al:Vitamin D dependent rickets type II, resistance of target organs to 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D. N Engl J Med 293:996-999, 1978

• 21) Tsuchiya Y, Matsuo N, Cho H, et al:An unusual form of vitamin D dependent rickets in a child; alopecia and marked end organ hyposensitivity to biological active vitamin D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 51:685-690, 1980

• 22) Saijo T, Ito M, Takeda E, et al:A unigue mutation in the vitamin D receptor gene in three Japanese patients with vitamin D-dependent rickets type 2; utility of single strand conformational polymorphism analysis for heterozygons carrier detection, Am J Hum Genet 49:668-673, 1991

• 23) Hughes MR, Malloy PJ, Kieback DG, et al:Point mutations in the human vitamin D receptor gene associated with hypocalcemic rickets. Science 242:1702-1705, 1988
  pubmed

• 24) Whitfield GK, Selznick SH, Haussler CA, et al:Vitamin D receptors from patients with resistance to 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; point mutations confer reduced transactivation in response to ligand and impaired interaction with the retinoid X receptor heterodimeric partner. Mol Endocrinol 10:1617-1631, 1996
  pubmed

• 25) Yoshizawa T, Handa Y, Uematsu Y, et al:Impaired bone formation and uterine hypoplasia with growth retardation after weaning in mice lacking the vitamin D receptor. Nat Genet 16:391-396, 1997
  pubmed

• 26) Li YC, Pirro AE, Amling M, et al:Targeted ablation of the vitamin D receptor; an animal model of vitamin D-deficient rickets type II wih alopecia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:9831-9835, 1997

• 27) Murer H, Wermer A, Reshkin S, et al:Cellular mechanisms in proximal tubular reabsorption of inorganic phosphate. Am J Physiol 260:C885-C899, 1991

• 28) Werner A, Moore ML, Mantel N, et al:Cloning and expression of cDNA for a Na/Pi cotransport system of kidney cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:9608-9612, 1991

• 29) Magagnin S, Werner A, Markovich D, et al:Expression cloning of human and rat renal cortex, Na/Pi cotransport. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:5979-5983, 1993

• 30) Verri T, Markowich D, Perego C, et al:Cloning and regulation of a rabbit renal Na/Pi-cotransporter. Am J Physiol 286:F626-F633, 1995

• 31) Stephen A, Kempson SA, Lotscher M, et al:Parathyroid hormone action on phosphate transporter mRNA and protein in rat renal proximal tubules. Am J Physiol 268:F784-F791, 199532)

• 32) 武中睦美, 宮内章光, 東門美代ら:Sjogren症候群に. 高γ-globulin血症, 腎性酸血症, 骨軟化症を合併した1症例. 腎と骨代謝1:381-385, 1988

• 33) 中岡大樹, 杉本利嗣, 置村康彦ら:鉄剤静脈内投与によると考えられた骨軟化症の1例. 日本内科学会雑誌87:1372-1373, 1998

• 34) HYP Consortium:A gene (PEX) with homologies to endopeptidases in mutated in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Nat Genet 11:130-136, 1995

• 35) Nelson AE:The PEX gene:Not a simple answer for X-linked hyphophosphatemic rickets and oncogenic osteomalacia. Mol cell Endocvinol 132:1-5, 19971

• 36) Ecarot-Charrier B, Glorieux FH, Travers R, et al:Defective bone formation by transplanted Hyp mouse bonecells into normal mice. Endocrinology 123:768-773, 1988

• 37) Yamamoto T, Ecarot-Charrier B, Gloriewx FH, et al:Abnormal response of osteoblast from Hyp mice to 1, 25 (OH)2D3. Bone 13:209-215, 1992

• 38) Ecarot B, Caverzasio J, Desbarats M, et al:Phosphate transport by osteoblasts from X-linked hypophosphatemicmice. Am J Physiol 266:E33-E38, 1994
  pubmed

• 39) Miyauchi A, Fukase M, Tsutsumi M, et al:Hemangiopericytoma-induced osteomalacia; tumor transplantation in nude mice causes hypophosphatemia and tumor extracts inhibit renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D1-hydroxylaseactivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67:4653, 1988

• 40) Econs MJ, Drezner MK:Tumor-induced osteomalacia-unveiling a new hormone. N Engl J Med 330:1679-1681, 1994
  pubmed

• 41) Cai Q, Hodgson SF, Kao PC, et al:Inhibition of renal phosphate transport by a tumor product in a patient with oncogenic osteomalacia. N Engl J Med 330:1645-1649, 1994

• 42) Tenenhouse HS, Jones G:Abnormal regulation of renal vitamin D catabolism by dietary phosphate in mouse models for X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. J Clin Invest 85:1450-1455, 1990

• 43) Knochel Jp, Barcenas C, Cotton JR, et al:Hypophosphatemia and rhabdomyolysis. J Clin Invest 62:1240-1246, 1978
  pubmed

• 44) O'driscoll S, O'driscoll M:Osteomalacia in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 39:1-6, 1980
  pubmed

• 45) Ralston BH, Willocks L, Pitkeathly DA, et al:High prevalence of unrecognized osteomalacia in hospital patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheum 27:202-205, 1988

• 46) Maddison PJ, Bacon PA, et al:Vitamin D deficiency, spontaneuous fractures, and osteopenia in rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med J 4:433-435, 1974

• 47) Pettersson T, Wegelius O, Skrifvas B, et al:Gastrointestinal disturbances in patients with severe arthritis. Acta Med Scand 188:139-144, 1970

• 48) Bird HA, Peacock M, Storer JH, et al:Comparison of serum 25-OH vitamin D concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis. Br Med J 14:1416, 1980

• 49) NG KC, Revell PA, Beer M, et al:Incidence of metabolic bone disease in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 43:37 (>377, 1984

P.173 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Morey ER, Baylink DJ:Inhibition of bone formation during space flight. Science 201:1138-1141, 1978
  pubmed

• 2) Tumer CH, Takano T, Owan I:Aging changes mechanical loading thresholds for bone formation in rats. J Bone Miner Res 10:1544-1549, 1995

• 3) 中村利孝:骨粗鬆症の予防と治療. Kidney Metab Bone Dis 6:323-327, 1993

• 4) Frost HM:Treatment of osteoporosis by manupulation of coherent bone cell populations. Clin Orthop 143:227-232, 1979

• 5) Mosekilde Li:Age-related changes in bone mass, structure, and strength-effects of loading. Z Rheumatol 59:1-9, 2000

• 6) Mosekilde Li:Normal aged-related changes in bone mass, structure, and strength-consequences of the remodelling process. Dan Med Bull 1:65-84, 1993

• 7) Pead MJ, Skerry TM, Lanyon LE:Direct transformation in the adult periosteum following a single brief period of bone loading. J Bone Min Res 3:647-656, 1988

• 8) Kazarian L, Graves GA:Compressive strengh characterics of the human vertebral centrum. Spine 2:1-14, 1977

• 9) Mosekilde Li:Consequences of the remodeling process for ventebral trabecular bone structure-A scanning electron microscopy study (uncoupling of unloaded structures). Bone Miner 10:13-35, 1990

• 10) Rizel H, Amling M, Posl M, et al:The thickness of human vertebral cortical bone and its changes in aging and osteoporosis; a histomorphometric analysis of the complete spinal colum from thirty-seven autopsy specimens. J Bone Min Res 12:89-95, 1977

• 11) 勝田茂, 七五三木聡:筋肉と骨組織との関係. The Bone 7:61-69, 1993

• 12) 七五三木聡, 勝田茂, 天貝均ら:成長期の運動が引き起こす骨肥大. 体力科学39:181-188, 1988

• 13) Palle S, Vico L, Bourrin S, et al:Bone tissue response to four-month antiorth ostatic bedrest; a bone histomorphometric study. Calcif Tissue Int 5:189-194, 1992

• 14) Wronski TJ, Morey ER:Inhibition of cortical and trabecular bone formation in the long bones of immobilized monkeys. Clin Orthop 181:269-276, 1983

• 15) 酒井昭典:運動制限モデル実験. Clinical Calcium 8:782-790, 1998

• 16) Weinreb M, Rodan GA, Thompson DD:Osteopenia in the immobilized rat hind limbis associated with increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. Bone 10:187-194, 1989

• 17) 鶴上浩:不動・非荷重と骨量動態 (ホルモン動態を含めて) . Clinical Calcium 6:430-434, 1996

• 18) Kodama Y, Nakayama K, Fuse H, et al:Inhibition of bone resorption by pamidronate cannot restore normal gain in cortical bone mass and strength in tail-suspended rapidly growing rats. J Bone Miner Res 12:1058-1067, 1997
  pubmed

• 19) Globus RK, Bikle DD, Morey-Holton E:Effects of simulated weightlessness on bone mineral metabolism. Endocrinology 114:2264-2270, 1984

• 20) Vico L, Chappard D, Alexandre C, et al:Effects of weightlessness on bone mass and osteoclast number in pregnant rats after a five day space flight (Cosmos 1514). Bone 8:95-103, 1987

• 21) Duncan RL, Turner CH:Mechanotransduction and the functional response of bone to mechanical strain. Calcif Tissue Int 57:344-358, 1995
  pubmed

• 22) Frost HM:Why do bone strength and "mass" in aging adults become unresponsive to vigorous exercise? lnsights of the Utah paradigm. J Bone Miner Metab 17:90-97, 1999
  pubmed

• 23) Apseloff G, Girten B, Weisbrode SE, et al:Effects of aminohydroxybutane bisphos-phonate on bone growth when administered after hind-limb bone loss in tail-suspended rats. J Phamacol Exp Ther 267:515-521, 1993

検 査 法

P.181 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Richardson C, Emery P:Laboratory markers of disease activity. J Rheumatol (suppl) 23:23-30, 1996
  pubmed

• 2) Sipe JD:Acute-phase proteins in osteoarthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 25:7586, 1995

• 3) Gabay C, Kushner I:Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med 340:448-454, 1999
  pubmed

• 4) 緒方篤:血沈, CRPとリウマチ性疾患. リウマチ病セミナーX (七川歡次監修), pp 197-203, 大阪, 永井書店, 1999

• 5) Wolfe F:Comparative usefulness of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 24:1477-1485, 1997
  pubmed

• 6) Miller A, Green M, Robinson D:Simple rule for calculating normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate. BMJ 286:266, 1983

• 7) Bottinger LE, Svedberg CA:Normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and age. BMJ 2:85-87, 1967

• 8) Wolfe F, Michaud K:The clinical and research significance of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. J Rheumatol 21:1227-1237, 1994
  pubmed

• 9) Rafnsson V, Bengtsson C, Lurie M:Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in women with different manifestation of joint disease. Scand J Med 11:87-95, 1982

• 10) Zeben D van, Hazes JMW, Zwinderman, AH, et al:Factor predicting outcome of rheumatoid arthritis; results of a follow-up study. J Rheumatol 20:1288-1296, 1993

• 11) Combe B, Eliaou JF, Daures JP, et al:Prognostic factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Comparative study of two subsets of patients according to severity of articular cortilage. Br J Rheumatol 34:529-534, 1995

• 12) Zeben D van, Breedfeld FC:Prognostic factors in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 23 (Suppl 44):31-33, 1996

• 13) Pinals RS:Rheumatoid arthritis with a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate. J Rheumatol 5:272-274, 1978
  pubmed

• 14) Wolfe F:The C-reactive protein but not erythrocyte sedimentation rate is associated wih clinical severity in patients with osteoarhritis of the knee or hip. J Rheumatol 24:1486-1488, 1997

• 15) Goldenberg DL, Eagan MS, Cohen AS:Inflammatory synovitis in degenerative joint disese. J Rheumatol 9:204-209, 1982

• 16) Goldie I:he synovial microvascular derangement in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis emphysema. Acta Orthoped Scand 40:751-764, 1969

• 17) Spector TD, Hart DJ, Nandra D, et al:low-level increases in serum C-reactive protein are present in early osteoarthritis of the knee and predict progressive disease. Arthritis Rheum 40:723-727, 1997

• 18) Loose LD, de Oliveira R, Sipe JD, et al:Elevated concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum of OA patients as determined by ELISA. Arthritis Rheum 36 (suppl):S166, 1993

• 19) Claus DR, Osmand AP, Gewurz H:Radioimmunoassay of human C-reactive protein and levels in normal sera. J Lab Clin Med 87:12 (>128, 1976

• 20) Ballou SE, Lozanski GB, Hodder SL, et al:Quantitative and qualitative alterations of acute phase proteins in healthy elderly persons. Age and Aging 1995

• 21) Wilkins J, Gallimore JR, Moore EG, et al:Automated immunoassay for SAA Proceedings of the VIIth lnternational Symposium 1993

• 22) de Oliveira RM, Sipe JD, de Beer FC, et al:Rapid, sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for serum amyloid A (apoSAA) in human plasma and tissue culture fluids, Amyloid. Int J Clin Invest 1:23-29, 1994

• 23) Cannon JG, van der Meer JWM, Kwiatkowski D, et al:Interleukin-1 beta in human plasma; optimization of blood collection, plasma extraction and radioimmunoassay methods. Lymphokine Res 7:457-467, 1988

• 24) Holt I, Cooper RG, Hopkins SJ:Relationships between local inflammation, interletlkin-6 concentration and the acute phase protein response in arthritis patients. Eur J Clin Invest 21:479-484, 1991
  pubmed

• 25) Erlich GE:Inflammatory arthritis; the clinical syndrome. J Chronic Dis 25:317-328, 1972

生物学的反応

P.188 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Walker DG:Osteopetrosis cured by temporary parabiosis. Science 25:180:875, 1973

• 2) Coccia PF, Krivit W, Cervenka J, et al:Successful bone-marrow transplantation for infantile malignant osteopetrosis. Engl J Med 302:701-708, 1980

• 3) Tondravi MM, McKercher SR, Anderson K, et al:Osteopetrosis in mice lacking haematopoietic transcription factor PU. 1. Nature 386:81-84, 1997
  pubmed

• 4) Yoshida H, Hayashi S, Kunisada T, et al:The murine mutation osteopetrosis is in the coding region of the macrophage colony stimulating factor gene. Nature 345:442-444, 1990
  pubmed

• 5) Felix R, Cecchini MG, Fleisch H:Macrophage colony stimulating factor restores in Vivo bone resorption in the op/op ostepetrotic mouse. Endocrinology 127:2592-2594, 1990
  pubmed

• 6) Myint YY, Miyakawa K, Naito M, et al:Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 correct osteopetrosis in mice with osteopetrosis mutation. Am J Pathol 154:553-566, 1999
  pubmed

• 7) Grigoriadis AE, Wang ZQ, Cecchini MG, et al:c-Fos; a key regulator of osteoclast-macrophage lineage determination and bone remodeling. Science 266:443-448, 1994
  pubmed

• 8) Franzoso G, Carlson L, Xing L, et al:Requirement for NF-kappa B in osteoclast and B-cell development. Genes Dev 11:3482-3496, 1997

• 9) Kong YY, Yoshida H, Sarosi I, et al:OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph-node organogenesis. Nature 397:315323, 1999

• 10) Kong YY, Feige U, Sarosi I, et al:Activated T cells regulate bone loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin ligand. Nature 402:304-309, 1999
  pubmed

• 11) Abu-Amer Y, Ross FP, Edwards J, et al:Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated osteoclastogenesis is mediated by tumor necrosis factor via its P55 receptor. J Clin Invest 100:1557-1565, 1997
  pubmed

• 12) Abu-Amer Y, Erdmann J, Alexopoulou L, et al:Tumor necrosis factor receptors types 1 and 2 differentially regulate osteoclastogenesis. J Biol Chem 1275:27307-27310, 2000

• 13) McHugh KP, Hodivala-Dilke K, Zheng MH, et al:Mice lacking beta3 integrins are osteosclerotic because of dysfunctional osteoclasts. J Clin Invest 105:433-440, 2000
  pubmed

• 14) Soriano P, Montgomery C, Geske R, et al:Targeted disruption of the c-src proto-oncogene leads to osteopetrosis in mice. Cell 64:693-702, 1991

• 15) Boyce BF, Yoneda T, Lowe C, et al:Requirement of pp60c-src expression for osteoclasts to form ruffled borders and resorb bone in mice. J Clin Invest 90:1622-1627, 1992
  pubmed

• 16) Sly WS, Hewett-Emmett D, Whyte MP, et al:Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency identified as the primary defect in the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and cerebral calcification. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:2752-2756, 1983
  pubmed

• 17) Li YP, Chen W, Liang Y, et al:Atp6i-deficient mice exhibit severe osteopetrosis due to loss of osteoclast-mediated extracellular acidification. Nat Genet 23:447-451, 1999

• 18) Gowen M, Lazner F, Dodds R, et al:Cathepsin K knockout mice develop osteopetrosis due to a deficit in matrix degradation but not demineralization. J Bone Miner Res 14:1654-1663, 1999

• 19) Kotake S, Udagawa N, Takahashi N, et al:IL-17 in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis is a potent stimulator of osteoclastogenesis. J Clin Invest 103:1345-1352, 1999
  pubmed

• 20) Love RR Mazess RB, Barden HS, et al:Effects of tamoxifen on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. N Engl J Med 326:852-856, 1992

P.201 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Mathews MB, Bernstein RM:Myositis autoantibody inhibits histidyl-tRNA synthetase; a model for autoimmunity. Nature 304:177-179, 1983

• 2) Nishikai M, Reichlin M:Heterogeneity of precipitating antibodies in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Characterization of the Jo-1 antibody system. Arthritis Rheum 23:881-888, 1980
  pubmed

• 3) Targoff IN, Reichlin M:Measurement of antibody to Jo-1 by ELISA and comparison to enzyme inhibitory activity. J Immunol 138:28742882, 1987

• 4) 尾崎承一:結節性多発動脈炎と顕微鏡的多発血管炎. リウマチ病セミナーXI (七川歡次監修), pp 1-7, 大阪, 永井書店, 2000

• 5) Rump JA, Scholmerich J, Gross V, et al:A new type of perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P ANCA) in active ulcerative colitis but not in Crohn's disease. Immunobiology 181:406-413, 1990

• 6) Ahmed AEE, Douglas C:Aziz. Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies An Update on Clinical Utility. J Clin Rheumatol 5:151, 1999

• 7) Gross WL, Schmitt WH, Csernok E:ANCA and associated diseases; immunodiagnostic and pathogenetic aspects. Clin Exp Immunol 91:1-12, 1993
  pubmed

• 8) Radford DJ, Savage CO, Nash GB:Treatment of rolling neutrophils with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies causes conversion to firm integrin-mediated adhesion. Arthritis Rheum 43:1337-1345, 2000
  pubmed

• 9) Gallin MY, Jacobi AB, Butrtner DW, et al:Human autoantibody to defensin;disease association with hyperreactive onchocerciasis (sowda). J Exp Med 182:41-47, 1995

• 10) Fukuda M:Lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. Structure, biosynthesis, and intracellular trafficking. J Biol Chem 266:21327-21330, 1991
  pubmed

• 11) Sobajima J, Ozaki S, Osakada F, et al:Novel autoantigens of perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (P, ANCA) in ulcerative colitis;non-histone chromosomal proteins, HMGI and HMG2. Clin Exp Immunol 107:135140, 1997

• 12) Kuwana M, Kaburaki J, Mimori T, et al:Autoantibody reactive with three classes of RNA polymerases in sera from patients with systemic sclerosis J Clin Invest 91:1399-1404, 1993
  pubmed

• 13) Oei SL, Griesenbeck J, Schweiger M, et al:Regulation of RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription by poly (ADP-ribosyl) ation of transcription factors. J Biol Chem 273:31644-31647, 1998
  pubmed

• 14) Kameoka M, Ota K, Tetsuka T, et al:Evidence for regulation of NF-KB by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Biochem J 346:641-649, 2000
  pubmed

• 15) Decker P, Briand JP, de Murcia G, et al:Zinc is an essential cofactor for recognition of the DNA binding domainof poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase by antibodies in autoimmune rheumatic and bowel diseases. Arthritis Rheum 41:918-926. 1998

• 16) Tsao BP, Cantor RM, Hartung K, et al:PARP alleles within the linked chromosomal region are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 103:1135-1140, 1999
  pubmed

• 17) Delrieu O, Michel M, Frances C, et al:Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase alleles in French Caucasians are associated neither with lupus nor with primary antiphospholipid syndrome. GRAID reseach group. Group for research on auto-immune disorders. Arthritis Rheum 42:2194-2197, 1999

• 18) Tzang BS, Chen TY, Hsu TC, et al:Presentation of autoantibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen in patientswith chronic hepatitis B and C virus infection. Ann Rheum Dis 58:630-634, 1999

• 19) Shero JH, Bordwell B, Rothfield NF, et al:High titers of autoantibodies to topoisomerase I (Scl-70) in sera fromscleroderma patients. Science 231:737-740, 1986
  pubmed

• 20) Lehmeier T, Raker V, Hermann H, et al:cDNA cloning of the Sm proteins D2 and D3 from human small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; evidence for a direct D 1-D2 interaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:12317-12321, 1994

• 21) Hermann H, Fabrizio P, Raker VA, et al:snRNP Sm proteins share two evolutionarily conserved sequence motifs which are involved in Sm protein-protein interactions. EMBO J 14:2076-2088, 1995

• 22) Tazi J, Kornstadt U, Rossi F, et al:Thiophosphorylation of U 1-70K protein inhibits pre-mRNA splicing. Nature 363:283-286, 1993

• 23) Hoffman RW, Sharp GC, Deutscher SL:Analysis of anti-U1 RNA antibodies in patients with connective tissue disease. Association with HLA and clinical manifestations of disease. Arthritis Rheum 38:1837-1844, 1995
  pubmed

• 24) Lee SI, Murthy SC, Trimble JJ, et al:Four novel U RNAs are encoded by a herpesvirus. Cell 54:599-607, 1988
  pubmed

• 25) Casciola-Rosen LA, Anhalt G, Rosen A:Autoantigens targeted in systemic lupus erythematosus are clustered in two populations of surface structures on apoptotic keratinocytes. J Exp Med 179:1317-1330, 1994
  pubmed

• 26) Fatenejad S, Mamula MJ, Craft J:Role of intermolecular/intrastructural B-and T-cell determinants in the diversification of autoantibodies to ribonucleoprotein particles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:12010-12014, 1993

• 27) James JA, Gross T, Scofield RH, et al:Immunoglobulin epitope spreading and autoimmune disease after peptideimmunization;Sm B/B"-derived PPPGMRPP and PPPGIRGP induce spliceosome autoimmunity. J Exp Med 181:453-461, 1995

• 28) Mimori T, Akizuki M, Yamagata H, et al:Characterization of a high molecular weight acidic nuclear protein recognized by autoantibodies in sera from patients with polymyositis-sclerodemla overlap J Clin Invest 68:611-620, 1981
  pubmed

• 29) Mimori T, Hardin JA:Mechanism of interaction between Ku protein and DNA. J Biol Chem 261:10375-10379, 1986

• 30) Smith GC, Jackson SP:The DNA-dependent protein kinase. Genes Dev 13:916-934, 1999
  pubmed

• 31) Van Dyck E, Stasiak AZ, Stasiak A, et al:Binding of double-strand breaks in DNA by human Rad 52 protein. Nature 398:728-731, 1999

• 32) Tuteja R, Tuteja N:Ku autoantigen; a multifunctional D NA-binding protein. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 35:1-33, 2000

• 33) Cao QP, Pitt S, Leszyk J, et al:DNA-dependent ATPase from HeLa cells is related to human Kuautoantigen. Biochemistry 33:8548-8557, 1994

• 34) Tuteja N, Tuteja R, Ochem A, et al:Human DNA hehcase II; a novel DNA unwinding enzyme identified as the Ku autoantigen. EMBO J 13:4991-5001, 1994

治療と副作用

P.209 掲載の参考文献

• 1) van de Putte LBA, Kroot EJA, van Riel PLGH:Management of refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 38 (suppl 2):32-34, 1999

• 2) van Ede AE, Laan RFJM, Rhon J, et al:Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis; an update with focus on mechanism involed in toxicity. Semm. Arthritis Rheum 27:277-297, 1998

• 3) van Riel PLCM, van Gestel AM, van Putte LBM:Long-term usage and side-effect profile of sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis. Brit J Rheumatol 34 (suppl 2):40-42, 1995

• 4) Flippo RM, Cortet B, Duquesnov B, et al:Traitment de la poliarthrite rheumatoide refractoire par la ciclospriine. Rev Med Inteme 15:166-173, 1994

• 5) Cush JJ, Tugwell P, Weinblatt M, et al:US consensus guideline for the use of ciclosporin A in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 26:1176-1186, 1999
  pubmed

• 6) Matteson EL, Orces CH, Dutify J, et al:Induction therapy with an intravenous loading dose of azathiopurine for treatment of refractory, acute rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:186188, 1999

• 7) Cohen S, Rutstein J, Luggen M, et al:Comparison of the safety efficacy of cyclosporine-A and methotrexate in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 36 (suppl):S56, 1993

• 8) Brensen W, Tagwell P, Roberts RM, et al:Combination therapy of cyclosporine and methotrexate and gold in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 21:2034-2038, 1994

• 9) Aeschlimann A, Breckerz D, Kaiser H, et al:Chlorambucil-stosstherapie bei progressiven chronischer Polyarthritis; Erste Ergebnisse einer offenen multizentrischen Studie. Z Rheumatol 46:241-244, 1987

• 10) Menninger H:Basistherapeutische Kombinationstherapie bei chronischer Polyarthriteis; ein Ueberblick. Z Rheumatol 57:20-30, 1998

• 11) Wiesenhiette CW, Irisch BL, Butsam JH:Treatment of patient with refractory rheumatoid arthritis with extracorporeal Protein A Immunabsorption columns. J Rheumatol 21:804-814, 1994

• 12) Caldwell J, Gendreau M, Furst D:A pilot study using a Staph Protein A column (prosorba) to treat refractory rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 26:1657-1662, 1994

• 13) Felsen DT, La Valley MP, Baldessaie AR, et al:The prosoba column for treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis; a randomized double-blind, sham-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 42:2153-2159, 1999

• 14) 小松原良雄:新しいDMARDs. リウマチ病セミナーXI(七川歡次監修), pp 194-203, 大阪, 永熾, 2000

• 15) Brehan M, Dougloles M, Richard F, et al:Intensifide-dose (4mg/m2) cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration for hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:2275-2280, 1994

• 16) Burth RK, Georgens C, Schroeder J, et al:Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:2281-2285, 1999

• 17) Wulffraat N, van Royen A, Bierings M, et al:Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in four patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 35:1550-1553, 1999

• 18) Brodsky RA, Petri M, Smith BD, et al:Immunoablative high-dose cyclophosphamide without stem-cell rescue for refractory, severe autoimmune disease. Ann Intern Med 129:1931-1938, 1995

• 19) Snowden JA Bigges JC, Milliken ST, et al:A phase I/II dose escalation study of intenshied cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell rescue in severe, active rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:2286-2296, 1999

• 20) Helliquin P, Andrea G, Heshmati F, et al:Traitment de la polyarthrite rheumatoide refractaire par photochimiotherapie exte-corporalle. Rev Rhum 60:125-130, 1993

• 21) Laing Tr, Ike RW, Anffriths CE, et al:A pilot study of the effect of oral methoxypsoralcn and intraarticular ultraviolet light on rheumatoid synovitis. J Rheumatol 22:29-33, 1995

• 22) Haberman HF:Photochemotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis-will this be a new therapy. J Pheumatol 22:3-5, 1999

• 23) Moreland LW, Pratt PW, Sanders NE, et al:Experience with a chimeric monoclonal anti CD4 antibody in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 11 (suppl):S153-159, 1993

• 24) Moreland LW, Haierty TR, Wacholtz MC, et al:Nondepleting humanized anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 25:221-228, 1995

• 25) Moreland LW, Swell KL, Trentham DE, et al:Interleukin-2 diphtheria fusion protein (DAB486 IL-6) in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 38:1177-1186, 1995

• 26) Moreland LW:Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (P75) fusion protein (Embrel) as a therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Amer 29:579-591, 1998

• 27) Moreland LW, McCabe DP, Caldwell JR, et al:Phase I/II trial of recombinant methionyl human tumor necrosis factor binding protein PEgycelated dimer in patients wih active refractory rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 27:601-609, 2000

• 28) Maini RN, Breedvelt FC, Kalden JR, et al:Therapeutic efficacy of multiple intravenous infusions of anti-tumor necrosis factor a monoclonal antibody combined with low-dose weekly methotrexate in rheumatoid arhtritis. Arthritis Rheum 41:1552-1663, 1998

• 29) 岩崎和幸, 松本智成, 宋健ら:IL-6受容体抗体の作用機序と臨床効果. 最新医学別冊. リウマチ 2000, pp167-182, 2000

• 30) Isaacs JD, Wing MG, Greenwood JD, et al:A therapeutic human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that depletes target cells in human. Clin Exp Immunol 106:427-433, 1996
  pubmed

• 31) Matteson EL, Yocum DE, St Claire EM, et al:Treatment of active refractory rheumatoid arthritis with humanized monoclonal antibody CAMPATH-IH administrated by daily subcutaneous injection. Arhritis Rheum 38:1187-1193, 1995

• 32) Weinblatt ME, Maddison PT, Bulpitt KJ, et al:CAMPATH-1H, a humanized monoclonal antibody in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. A intravenous dose-escalation study. Arthritis Rheum 35:1589-1594, 1995

• 33) St Claire LW, Cohen SP, Lee ML, et al:Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a DR4/Ipeptide. J Rheumatol 27:1855-1863, 2000

• 34) Sander O, Rau R:Treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis with a tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor fusion protein (rNFR55-IG1)-A monocentric observation in 80 patients. Z Rheumatol 57:307-311, 1998

• 35) van de Putte LBA, Kroot EJA, van Rel PLCM:Management of refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol 38 (suppl 2):32-34, 1999

• 36) Strand V:The future use of biologic therapy in combination for the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 23 (suppl 44):91-94, 1996

• 37) 宮田晶文, 小林浩子, 佐藤由紀夫:遺伝子治療. 最新医学別冊. リウマチ 2000, pp183-190, 2000

P.218 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 小松原良雄:抗関節症薬. リウマチ病セミナーV (七川歡次監修), pp277-285, 大阪, 永井書店, 1994

• 2) 井上康二:OAとサイトカイン. リウマチ病セミナーVIII (七川歡次監修), pp174-180, 大阪, 永井書店, 1997

• 3) 西林保朗:膝関節OAの関節洗浄効果. リウマチ病セミナーXI (七川歡次監修), pp223-230, 大阪, 永井書店, 2000

• 4) Caron JP, Ferandes JC, Martel-Pelletier J, et al:Chondroprotective effect of intraarticular injections of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in experimental osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 39:1535-1544, 1996

• 5) Firestein GS, Paine MM, Littman B:Gene expression (collagenase, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, complement, and HLA-DR) in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis synovium; quantitative analysis and effects of intraarticular corticosteroids. Arthritis Rheum 34:1094-1105, 1991
  pubmed

• 6) Kirwan JR, Rankin E:Intra-articular therapy in osteoarthritis. Bailliere's Clinical Rheumatology 11:769-794, 1997
  pubmed

• 7) Creamer P:Intra-articular corticosteroid treatment in osteoarthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 11:417-421, 1999
  pubmed

• 8) Rozental TD, Sculco TP:Intra-anicular corticosteroids; an updated overview. Am J Orthop 29:18-23, 2000
  pubmed

• 9) Konttinen YT, Kemppinen P, Segerberg M, et al:Peripheral and spinal neural mechanisms in arthritis with particular reference to treatment of inflammation and pain. Arthritis Rheum 37:965982, 1994

• 10) Butler M, Colombo C, Hickman L, et al:A new model of osteoarthritis in rabbits; III. Evaluation of anti-osteoarthritic effects of selected drugs administered intraanicularly. Arthritis Rheum 26:1380-1386, 1983

• 11) Pelletier J-P, DiBattista JA, Raynauld J-P, et al:The in vivo effects of intraarticular corticosteroid injections on cartilage lesions;stromelysin, interleukin-1 and oncogene protein synthesis in experimental osteoarthritis. Lab Invest:578-588, 1995
  pubmed

• 12) Behrens F, Shepard N, Mitchell N:Alteration of rabbit articular cartilage by intra-articular injections of glucocorticoids. J Bone Joint Surg 57-A:70-76, 1975
  pubmed

• 13) Young L, Katrib A, Cuello C, et al:Effects of intraarticular glucocorticoids on macrophage infiltration and mediators of joint damage in osteoarthritis synovial membranes; findings in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 44:343-350, 2001

• 14) Cederlof S, Jonson G:Intra-articular prednisolone injection for osteoarthritis of the knee. Acta Chir Scand 132:532-536, 1966

• 15) Friedman DM, Moore ME:The efficacy of intra-articular steroids in osteoarthritis; a double blind study. J Rheumatol 7:850-856, 1980

• 16) Dieppe PA, Sathapatayavongs B, Jones HE, et al:Intra-articular steroids in osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Rehabil 19:212-217, 1980

• 17) Valtonen E:Clinical comparison of triamcinolone hexacetonide and betamethasone in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Scand J Rheumatol 41:3-7, 1981

• 18) Sambrook PN, Champion GD, Browne CD, et al:Corticosteroid injection for osteoarthritis of the knee; peripatella compared to intra-articular route. Clin Rheumatol 7:609-613, 1989

• 19) Gaffriey K, Ledingham J, Perry JD:Intra-articular triamcinolone hexacetonide in knee osteoarthritis; factors influencing the clinincal response. Ann Rheum Dis 54:379-381, 1995

• 20) Jones A Doherty M:lntra-anicular conicosteroids are effective in osteoarthritis but there are no clinical predictors of response. Ann Rheum Dis 55:829-832, 1996

• 21) Mace S, Vadas P, Pruzanski W:Anaphylactic shock induced by intra-articular injection of methylprednisolone acetate. J Rheumatol 24:1191-1194, 1997
  pubmed

• 22) McCarty DJ, McCarthy G, Carrera G:Intraarticular corticosteroids possibly leading to local osteonecrosis and marrow fat induced synovitis. J Rheumatol 18:1091-1094, 1991
  pubmed

• 23) Hochberg MC, Altman RD, Brandt KD, et al:Guidelines for the medical management of osteoarthritis; part II. Osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthritis Rheum 38:1541-1546, 1995
  pubmed

• 24) Brandt KD, Smith GN, Simon LS:Intraarticular injection of hyaluronan as treatment for knee osteoarthritis; what is the evidence? Arthritis Rheum 43:1192-1203, 2000
  pubmed

• 25) Schiavinato A, Lini E, Guidolin D, et al:IA sodium hyaluronate injections in the Pond-Nuki experimental model of osteoarthritis in dogs; II. Morphological findings. Clin Orthop 241:286-299, 1989

• 26) Kikuchi T, Yamada H, Shimmei M:Effects of high molecular weight hyaluronan on canilage degeneration in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cart 4:99-110, 1996

• 27) Smith GN Jr, Myers SL, Brandt KD, et al:Effect of intraarticular hyaluronan injection in experimental canine osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 41:976-985, 1998
  pubmed

• 28) Ghosh P, Read R, Armstrong S, et al:Th effects of intraarticular administrati on of hyaluronan in a model of early osteoarthritis in sheep; I . Gait analysis and radiological and morphological studies. Semin Arthritis Rheum 22 (suppl 1):18-30, 1993

• 29) Adams ME, Atkinson MH, Lussier AJ., et al:The role of viscosupplementation With hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee; a Canadian multicenter trial comparing hylan G-F 20 alone, hylan G-F 20 with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and NSAIDs alone. O steoarthritis Cart 3:213-226, 1995

• 30) Henderson EB, Smith EC, Pegley F, et al:Intra-articular injections of 750 KD hyaluronan in the treatment of osteoarthritis; a randomised single centre double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 91 patients demonstrating lack of efficacy. Ann Rheum Dis 53:529-534, 1994
  pubmed

• 31) Leardini G, Mattara L, Franceschini M, et al:Intra-articular treatment of knee osteoarthritis; a comparativestudy between hyaluronic acid and 6-methyl prednisolone acetate. Clin Exp Rheumatol 9:375-381, 1991

• 32) Dixon AJ, Jacoby RK, Berry H, et al:Clinical trial of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Curr Med Res Opin 11:205-213, 1988

• 33) Leardini G, Franceschini M, Mattara L, et al:Intra-anicular sodium hyaluronate (hyalgan) in gonarthrosis. Clinical Trial Journal 24:341-350, 198734) Grecomoro G, Martorana U, DiMarco C:Intra-articular treatment with sodium hyaluronate in gonarthrosis;acontrolled clinical trial versus placebo. Pharmatherapeutica 5:137-141, 1987

• 35) Graf J, Neusel E, Schneider E, et al:Intra-anicular treatment with hyaluronic acid in osteoarthritis of the knee joint; a controlled clinical trial versus mucopolysaccharide polysulfuric acid ester. Clin Exp Rheumatol 11:367-372, 1993
  pubmed

• 36) Lohmander LS, Delen N, Englund F, et al:Intra-aricular hyaluronan injections in the treatment of osteoarthritisof the knee; a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled multicentre trial. Ann Rheum Dis 55:424-431, 1996

• 37) Puhl W, Bernau A, Greiling H, et al:Intra-articular sodium hyaluronate in osteoarthritis of the knee; a multicenter, double-blind study. Osteoarthritis Cart 1:233-241, 1993

• 38) Jones AC, Pattrick M, Doherty S, et al:Intra-articular hyaluronic acid compared to intra-articular triamcinolonehexacetonide in inflammatory knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cart 3:269-273, 1995

• 39) Listrat V, Ayral X, Patamello F, et al:Arthroscopic evaluation of potential stucture modifying activity of hyaluronan (Hylan) in osteoarthritis of the knee. O steoarthritis Cart 5:153-160, 1997

• 40) Ezzo J, Hadhazy V, Birch S, et al:Acupuncture for osteoarthritis of the knee; a systematic review. Arthritis Rheum 44:819-825, 2001
  pubmed

• 41) 西林保朗:膝関節OAの関節洗浄効果. リウマチ病セミナーXI (七川歡次監修), pp223-230, 大阪, 永井書店, 2001

• 42) Stein A, Yassouridis A, Szopko C, et al:Intraarticular morphine versus dexamethasone in chronic arthritis. Pain 83:525-532, 1999
  pubmed

P.230 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 川崎富夫:深部静脈血栓症・肺塞栓症/疫学. 臨床科学 3:18-23, 1995

• 2) Kawasaki T, et al:Hypercholesterolemia as a risk factor for deepvein thrombosis. Thromb Res 88:67-73, 1997
  pubmed

• 3) Kawasaki T, et al:Diagnostic value of plasma thrombin-antithrombin III complex and D-Dimer concentration in patients with varicose veins for exclusion of deepvein thrombosis. Thrombos Res 91:101-104, 1998

• 4) 藤田悟, 冨士武史:下肢人工関節置換術後の深部静脈血栓症の発生頻度と危険因子の検討. 日本血栓止血学会誌 9:367-374, 1998

• 5) 渋谷卓, 川崎富夫:CTを使用した急性期における深部静脈血栓症の簡易診断法. 静脈学 11:283-288, 2001

P.237 掲載の参考文献

• 1) 牛山敏夫:骨粗鬆症とselective estrogen receptor modulators. リウマチ病セミナーXI (七川歡次監修), pp103-111, 2000

• 2) Komm BS, Terpening CM, Benz DJ, et al:Estrogen binding, receptor mRNA, and biologic response in osteobrast-like osteosarcoma cells. Science 241:81-84, 1988

• 3) Chenu C, Pfeilschifter J, Mundy GR, et al:Transforming growth factor B inhibits formation of osteoclast-like cells in long-term human marrow cultures. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:5683-5687, 1988

• 4) Cantatore FP, Loverro G, Ingrosso AM, et al:Effect of oestrogen replacement on bone metabolism and cytokines in surgical menopause. Clin Rheum 14:157-160, 1995

• 5) Pacifici R, Rifas L, McCracken R, et al:Ovarian steroid treatment blocks a postmenaupausal increase in blood monocyte interleukin l release. Proc Natl Sci USA 86:2398-2402, 1989

• 6) Pacifici R, Brown C, Puscheck E, et al:Effects of surgical menopause and estrogen replacement on cytokine release from human blood mononuclear cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:5134-5138, 1991
  pubmed

• 7) Girasole G, Jilka RL, Passeri G, et al:17B-estradiol inhibits interleukin-6 production by bone marrow-derivedstromul cells and osteoblasts in vitro; a potential mechanism for the antiosteoporotic effect of estrogens. J Clin Invert 89:883-891, 1992

• 8) Hofbauer LC, Khosla S, Dunstan CR, et al:The roles of osteoprotegerin and osteoprotegerin ligand in the paracrine regulation of bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 15:2-12, 2000
  pubmed

• 9) Hofbauer LC, Khosla S, Dunstan CR, et al:Estrogen stimulates gene expression and protein production of osteoprotegrin in human osteoclastic cells. Endocrinology 140:4367-4370, 1999

• 10) 井上康二, 牛山俊夫:変形性関節症と性ホルモン. リウマチ病セミナーVII (七川歡次監修), pp63-70, 大阪, 永井書店, 1996

• 11) Ushiyama T, Inoue K, Nishioka J:Expression of estrogen receptor related protein (p 29) and estradiol binding in human arthritic synovium. J Rheumatol 22:421-426, 1995

• 12) Ushiyama T, Ueyama H, Inoue K, et al:Expression of genes for estrogen receptors a and B in human articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis and Canilage 7:56 (F566, 1999

• 13) Manicourt D-H, Altman RD, William JM, et al:Treatment with calcitonin suppress the responses of bone, cartilage, and synovium in the early stages of canine experimental osteoarthritis and signhicantly reduces the severity of the cartilage lesions. Arthritis Rheum 42:1159-1167, 1999

• 14) Grady D, Rubin SM, Petti DB, et al:Hormone therapy to prevent disease and prolong life in postmenopausalwomen, Ann Intern Med 117:1016-1037, 1992

• 15) 杉本修ら:生殖, 内分泌委員会報告 (本邦婦人における退行期骨粗鬆症予防のための管理方式), 日産婦誌 45, 603-614, 1993

• 16) Maxim p, et al:Fracture protection provided by long-term estrogen treatment. Osteoporosis Int 5:23-29, 1995
  pubmed

• 17) Evans SF, Davie MWH, Low and conventional dose transdermal oestradiol are equally effective at preventing bone loss in spine and femur at all post-menopausal ages. Clin Endocrinol 44:79-84, 1996

• 18) Recker RR, Davies KM, Dowd RM, et al:The effects of low-dose continous estrogen and progesterone therapy with calcium and vitamin D on bone in elderly women. Ann Intern Med 130:897-904, 1999

• 19) Nassen T, Berglind L, Ulmusten U:Bone loss in elderly women prevented by ultaralow doses of parenterral 17-B estradiol. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177:115-119, 1997

• 20) 西部彰, 森本茂人, 廣田憲二ら:高齢女性および閉経後女性の骨塩量に対するエストリオールの効果. 日本老年医学会雑誌 33:353-359, 1996

• 21) Genant HK, Lucas J, Weiss M, et al:Low-dose esterified estrogen therapy. Arch Intern Med 8:22, 1997

• 22) Hoking D, Chilvers, CED, Christiansen C, et al:Prevention of bone loss with alendronate in postmenopausal women under 60 years of age. N Eng J M 338:485-492, 1998

• 23) Ettingr B, Black M, Mitlak BH, et al:Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene. JAMA 282:637-645, 1999

• 24) Varas-Lorenzo C, Garcia-Rodrigues LA, et al:Hormone replacement therapy and incident of acute myocardialinfarction. Circulation 101:2572-2578, 2000

• 25) Cicutini FM, Spector T and Baker J:Risk factor for osteoarthritis in the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints of the knee. The Journal of Rhumatology 24:1164-1167, 1997

• 26) Samanta A, J ones A, Regan M, et al:Is osteoarthritis in woman affected by hormonal change or smoking? Br. L. Rheumatol 32:366-370, 1993

• 27) Spctor TD, Nandra D, Hart DJ, et al:Is horrnone replacement therapy protective for hand and knee osteoarthritisin women? The Chingford Study. Ann Rheum Dis 56:432-434, 1997

• 28) Dennison EM, Arden NK, Kellingray S:Hormone replacement therapy, other reproductive variables and symptomatic hip osteoarthritis in elderly white women; a case-control syudy. Br J Rheumato 137:1198-1202, 1998

• 29) Erb A, Br3enner H, Gunther KP, et al:Hormon replacement therapy and patterns of osteoarthritis; baseline data from the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study. Ann Rheum Dis 59:105-109, 2000

• 30) Anonymous:Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy; collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108, 411 women without breast cancer. Collaborative hormonal factors in breast cancer. Lancet 350:1047-1059, 1997

• 31) Gapstur SM, Morrow M, Sellers TA:Hormone replacement therapy and risk of breast cancer with a favorablehistology. JAMA 281:2091-2097, 1999

• 32) Golditz GA, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, et al:The use of estrogen and progestin and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 332:1589-1593, 1995

• 33) Grodstein F, Stampher MJ, Goldharber SZ, et al:Prospective study of exogenous hormones and risk of pulmonary embolism in women. Lancet 348:983-987, 1996

• 34) Daly E, Vessey MP, Hawkins MM, et al:Risks of venous thromboembolism in user of hormone replacement therapy. Lancet 348:977-980, 1996

• 35) Jick H, Derby LE, Myers MW, et al:Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among user of postmenopousal oestrogen. Lancet 348:981-993, 1996

P.243 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Julian BA, Quarles D, Nieman KM:Musculoskeletal complications after renal transplantation; pathogenesis and treatment. Am J Kidney Dis 19:99-120, 1992

• 2) 久保俊一, 柴谷匡彦, 藤岡幹浩ら:2施設問における腎移植後大腿骨頭壊死症. 厚生省特定疾患対策研究事業. 骨・関節系調査研究班, 特発性大腿骨頭壊死症調査研究分科会, 平成12年度研究報告書, pp107-112, 2001

• 3) 藤岡幹浩, 久保俊一, 中村文紀ら:脂肪抑制MR画像を用いた腎移植後大腿骨頭壊死症の追跡調査. Hip Joint 26:339-342, 2000

• 4) Kubo T, Yamazoe S, Sugano N, et al:Initial MRI findings of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in renal allograft recipients. Magn Reson Imaging 15:1017-1023, 1997
  pubmed

• 5) Kubo T, Kimori K, Nakamura F, et al:Blood flow and blood volume in the femoral heads of healthy adults according to age; measurement with positron emission tomography (PET). Ann Nucl Med 15:231-235, 2001
  pubmed

• 6) 城守国斗, 久保俊一, 中村文紀ら:Positron emission tomography(PET)の大腿骨頭への応用. 別冊整形外科35:49-53, 1999

• 7) Nakamura T, Matsumoto T, Nishino M, et al:Early magnetic resonance imaging and histologic findings in a model of femoral head necrosis. Clin Orthop 334:68-72, 1997

• 8) Sugano N, Masuhara K, Nakamura N, et al:MRI of early osteonecrosis of the femoral head after transcervical fracture. J Bone Joint Surg 78-B:253-257, 1996

• 9) 久保俊一, 堀井基行:骨髄浮腫-bone marrow edema-. リウマチ病セミナーIX (七川歡次監修), pp94-103, 大阪, 永井書店, 1998

• 10) 藤岡幹浩, 久保俊一, 山添勝一ら:特発性大腿骨頭壊死症における骨髄浮腫. 別冊整形外科 35:85-89, 1999

• 11) Fujioka M, Kubo T, Nakamura F, et al:Initial changes of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head in fat suppression images; bone marrow edema was not found before the appearance of band patterns. Magn Reson Imaging 19:985-991, 2001
  pubmed

• 12) Kubo T, Yamamoto T, Inoue S, et al:Histologicalfindings of bone marrow edema pattern on MR in osteonecrosis of the femoral head-a case report-. J Orthop Sci 5:520-523, 2000

• 13) Thomas ED, Buckner CD, Banaji M, et al:One hundred patients with acute leukemia treated by chemotherapy, total body irradiation, and allogeneic marrow transplantation. Blood 49:511-533, 1977
  pubmed

• 14) Thomas ED, Storb R, CIM RA, et al:Bone marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med 292:895-902, 1975

• 15) Atkinson K, Cohen M, Biggs J:Avascular necrosis of the femoral head secondary to conicosteroid therapy for graft-versus-host disease after marrow transplantation-Effective therapy with hip arthroplasty. Bone Marrow Transplant 2:421-426, 1987
  pubmed

• 16) Socie G, Selimi F, Sedel L, et al:Avascular necrosis of bone after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation; clinical findings, incidence and risk factors. Br J Haematol 86:624-628, 1994
  pubmed

• 17) Enright H, Haake R, Weisdorf D:Avascular necrosis of bone; a common serious complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Am J Med 89:733-738, 1990
  pubmed

• 18) Torii Y, Hasegawa Y, Kubo T, et al:Osteonecrosis of the femoral head after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Clin Orthp 382:124-132, 2001

• 19) 長谷川幸治, 鳥居行雄, 坂野真士ら:骨髄移植後大腿骨頭壊死症に対するprospective study. 厚生省特定疾患対策研究事業. 骨・関節系調査研究班, 特発性大腿骨頭壊死症調査研究分科会, 平成12年度研究報告書, pp103-104, 2001

• 20) Papagelopoulos PJ, Hay JE, Galanis EC, et al:Total joint arthroplasty in orthotopic liver transplant recipients. J Arthroplasty 11:889-892, 1996
  pubmed

• 21) Lieberman JR, Scaduto AA, Wellmeyer E, et al:Symptomatic osteonecrosis of the hip after orthotopic livertransplantation. J Arthroplasty 15:767-771, 2000

• 22) 堀内博志, 小林千益, 斎藤直人ら:肝移植後の特発性X腿骨頭壊死-MRIによる検討-. 厚生省特定疾患対策研究事業. 骨・関節系調査研究班, 特発性大腿骨頭壊死症調査研究分科会, 平成12年度研究報告書, pp105-106, 2001

• 23) 久保俊一, 濱口裕之, 藤岡幹浩ら:心臓移植における特発性大腿骨頭壊死症の調査. 厚生省特定疾患対策研究事業. 骨・関節系調査研究班, 特発性大腿骨頭壊死症調査研究分科会, 平成12年度研究報告書, pp120-121, 2001

• 24) Danzig LA, Coutis RD, Resnick D, et al:Avascular necrosis of the femoral head following cardiac transplantation. Report of case. Clin Orthop 117:217-220, 1976
  pubmed

• 25) Isono SS, Woolson ST, Schurman:Total joint arthroplasty for steroid-induced osteonecrosis in cardiac transplantpatient. Clin Orthop 217:201-208, 1987

• 26) Bradbury G, Benjamin J, Thompson J, et al:Avascular necrosis of bone after cardiac transplantation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 76:1385-1388, 1994

• 27) Lee AH, et al:Osteonecrosis and bone morbidity in cardiac transplant recipients. Am J Med 96:3541, 1994

• 28) Egan B, et al:Orthopaedic complications following cardiac transplantation. Ir Med J 89:26-27, 1996
  pubmed

• 29) Yamamoto T, DiCarlo EF, Bullough PG:The prevalence and clinic opathological appearance of extension of osteonecrosis in the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg 81-B:328-332, 1999

P.252 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Eisenberg JM:Clinical Economics. A Guide tthe Economic Analysis of Clinical Practices. JAMA 262:2879-2886, 1989

• 2) Rothfuss J, Mau W, Zeidler H, et al:Socioeconomic evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; a literattlre review. Seminars in Arthritis & Rheumatism 26:771-779, 1997
  pubmed

• 3) Cooper NJ:Economic burden of rheumatoid arthritis; a systemic review. Rheumatology (Oxford) 39:28-33, 2000

• 4) Stone CE:The lifetime economic costs of rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 11:819-827, 1984
  pubmed

• 5) Meenan RF, Yelin EH, Henke CJ, et al:The costs of rheumatoid arthritis. A patient-oriented study of chronic disease costs. Arthritis Rheum 21:827-833, 1978
  pubmed

• 6) Clarke AE, Zowa}1 H, Levinton C, et al:Direct and indirect medical costs incurred by Canadian patients with rheumatoid arthritis; a 12 years study. J Rheumatol 24:1051-1060, 1997

• 7) 村沢章, 居村茂明, 松田剛正ら:(RAの) 疫学と患者実態, 地域医療に関する研究総括報告書. 平成9年度厚生省長期慢性疾患総合研究事業研究報告書, pp107-112, 1997

• 8) Allaire SH, Prashker MJ, Meenan RF:The cost of rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacoeconomics 6:513-522, 1994
  pubmed

• 9) Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, Campion ME, et al:Direct Medical Cost Unique to People with Arthritis. J Rheumatol 24:719-725, 1997
  pubmed

• 10) Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, Campion ME, et al:Indirect and Nonmedical Costs Among People with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Compared with Nonarthritic Controls. J Rheumatol 24:43-48, 1997
  pubmed

• 11) Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, Luthra HS, et al:Modeling the Lifetime Cost of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Rheumatol 26:1269-1274, 1999
  pubmed

• 12) Verhoeven AC, Bibo JC, Boers M, et al:Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of combination therapry in early rheumatoid arthritis; randomized comparison of combined step-down predonisolone, methotrexate and sulphasalazine with sulphasalazine alone. COBRA Trial Group. Combinatietherapie Bij Rheumatoide Arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 37:1102-1109, 1998

• 13) Davey PJ, Meyer E:The cost effectiveness of misoprostol prophylaxis alongside long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Implication of the MUCOSA trial. Pharmacoeconomics 17:295304, 2000

• 14) Maetzel A Ferraz MB, Bombardier C:The cost-effectiveness of misoprostol in preventing serious gastrointestinal events associated with the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Arthritis Rheum 41:16-25, 1998
  pubmed

• 15) Kobelt G, Eberhardt K, Jonsson L:Economic consequences of the progression of rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden. Arthritis Rheum 42:347-356, 1999
  pubmed

• 16) Sonnenberg FA, Beck JR:Markov models in medical decision maldng. Med Decis Making 13:322-338, 1993
  pubmed

• 17) The EuroQolGroup:EuroQol; a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 16:199-208, 1990

• 18) Choi HK, Seeger JD, Kuntz KM:A cost-effectiveness analysis of, treatment options for patients with methotrexate-resistant rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 43:2316-2327, 2000
  pubmed

• 19) Solomon DH, Kuntz KM:Should postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis who are starting conicosteroid treatment be screened for osteoporosis? A cost-effective analysis. Arthritis Rheum 43:1967-1975, 2000
  pubmed

• 20) 居村茂明:慢性関節リウマチ患者及びその家族をめぐる社会的環境と社会経済的損失に関する実態調査. 平成元年度国立病院治療研究業績集 (厚生省保健医療局国立病院課監), pp213-225, 1991

• 21) NHK放送文化研究所:1990年度国民生活時間調査全国時間量編, 1990

• 22) 労働省婦人局:婦人労働の実状 (労働婦人局編), pp32-33, 1990

手術

P.263 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Ross PD, Fujiwara S, et al:Vertebral fracture prevalence in woman in Hiroshima compared to Caucasians or Japanese in the US. Int J Epidemiol 24:1171-1177, 1995
  pubmed

• 2) Cooper C:The crippling consequences of fractures and their impact on quality of life. Am J Med 103:12s-19s, 1997
  pubmed

• 3) Center JR, Nguyen TV, Schneider D, et al:Mortality after all major types of osteoporotic fracture in men and women:an observational study. Lancet 353:878-882, 1999
  pubmed

• 4) 岸本英彰:脊椎圧迫骨折の病態と保存療法. 整・災外 42:1097-1105, 1999

• 5) Ross PD, Davis∫W, Epstein RS, et al:Pre-existing fractures and bone mass predict vertebral fracture incidence in women. Ann Intern Med 114:919-923, 1991

• 6) Davis JW, Grove JS, Wasnich RD, et al:Spatial Relationships between prevalent and incident spine fractures. Bone 24:261-264, 1999
  pubmed

• 7) 武政龍一, 神村盛裕, 十河敏晴ら:Intravertebral vacuum cleftを認めた骨粗鬆症性脊椎圧迫骨折. 高知赤十字病院医学雑誌4:45-50, 1996

• 8) Hasegawa K, Homma T, Uchiyama S, et al:Osteosynthesis without instrumentation for vertebral pseudanhrosis in the osteoporotic spine. J Bone Joint Surg 79B:452-456, 1997

• 9) 伊東学, 金田清志:脊椎圧迫骨折後の遅発性麻痺を発現させる椎体圧潰や骨癒合不全の病態. Clinical Calcium 9:38-43, 1999

• 10) 吉田徹, 南場宏通, 見松健太郎ら:骨粗鬆症性脊椎圧迫骨折の早期診断と保存的治療. Clinical Calcium 9:58-63, 1999

• 11) 種市洋, 金田清茂, 小熊忠教:骨粗鬆症性椎体圧潰の予後-外傷後の椎体圧潰進行の危険因子-. Clinical Calcium 7:40-42, 2000

• 12) Cho T, Matsuda M, Sakurai M:MRI findings on healing process of vertebral fracture in osteoporosis. J Orthop Sci 1:1633, 1996

• 13) 池内昌彦, 山本博司, 北岡謙一ら:骨粗鬆症性椎体圧迫骨折における急性期MRI像の検討. 中部整災誌 41:729-730, 1998

• 14) 張哲守:骨粗鬆症性脊椎骨折の画像診断-骨折後の時間経過からの考察 . Clinical Calcium 10:32-39, 2000

• 15) Kaneda K, Asano S, Hashimoto T, et al:The treatment of osteoporotic-posttraumatic vertebral collapse using the Kaneda device and a bioactive ceramic vertebral prosthesis. Spine 17:S295-S303, 1992

• 16) 鐙邦芳, 伊東学:骨粗鬆症に伴う脊椎圧迫骨折の手術的治療-前方法. 日脊会誌 11:430-4434, 2000

• 17) Saita K, Hoshino Y, Nikkawa I, et al:Posterior spinal shortening for paraplegia after vertebral collapse caused by osteoporosis. Spine 25:2832-2835, 2000

• 18) 星野雄一, 税田和夫:骨粗鬆症に伴う脊椎圧迫骨折の手術的治療-骨粗鬆症性椎体圧潰に体する脊椎後方短縮術. 日脊会誌 11:435-438, 2000

• 19) Galibert P, Deramond H, Rosat P, et al:Preliminary note on the treatment of vertebral angioma by percutaneous acrylic vertebroplasty. Neurochirurgie 33:166-168, 1987
  pubmed

• 20) Kaemmerlen P, Thiesse P, Bouvard H, et al:Percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of metastases. Technic and results. J Radiol 70:557-562, 1989
  pubmed

• 21) Kaemmerlen P, Thiesse P, Jonas P, et al:Percutaneous injection of orthpedic cement in metastatic vertebral lesions, N Engl J Med 321:121, 1989

• 22) Cotten A, Dewatre F, Cortet B, et al:Percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteolytic metastases and myeloma; effects of the percentage of lesion filling and the leakage of methyl methacrylate at clinical follow-up. Radiology 200:525-530, 1996
  pubmed

• 23) Weil A, Chiras J, Simon JM, et al:Spinal metastases; indications for and results of percutaneous injection of acrylic surgical cement. Radiology 199:241-247, 1996

• 24) Bascoulergue Y, Duquesnel J, Leclercq R, et al:Percutaneous injection of methylmethacrylate in the vertebral body for treatment of various diseases; percutaneous vertebroplasty. Radiology 169:372, 1988

• 25) DeBusche-Depriester C, Deramond H, Fardellone P, et al:Percutaneous vertebroplasty with acrylic cement in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral crush fracture syndrome. Neuroradiology 33:49-52, 1991

• 26) Gangi A, Kastler BA, Dietemann JL:Percutaneous vertebroplasty guided by a combination of CT and Fluoroscopy. Am J Neuroradiol 15:83-86, 1994
  pubmed

• 27) Jensen ME, Evance AJ, Mathis J M, et al:Percutaneous polymethylmethacrylate vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures:technical aspects. Am J Neuroradiol 18:1897-1904, 1997

• 28) Cotten A, Boutry N, Corter B, et al:Percutaneous vertebroplasty; state of the art. Radiographics 18:311-320, 1998

• 29) Deramond H, Depriester C, Galibert P, et al:Percutaneous vertebroplasty with polymethylmethacrylate. Technique, indication, abd results. Radiol Clin North Am 36:533-546, 1998

• 30) Mathis MJ, Petri M, Naff N:Percutaneous vertebroplasty treatment of steroid-induced osteoporotic compression fractures. Arthritis Rheum 41:171-175, 1998

• 31) Martin JB, Jean B, Sugiu K:Vertebroplasty:Clinical experience and follow-up results. Bone 25:11S-15S, 1999
  pubmed

• 32) Barr JD, Barr MS, Lemley TJ, et al:Percutaneous vertebroplasty for pain relief and spinal stabilization. Spine 28:923-928, 2000

• 33) Dudeney S, Lieberman IH, Phillips FM:Early experiences with kyphoplasty in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Presented at Spine Across the Sea 2000. Proceedings book and symposia handouts:111, 2000

• 34) Berman AT, Reid JS, Yanicko DRJr, et al:Thermally induced bone necrosis in rabbits; relation to implant failure in humans. Clin Orthop 186:284-292, 1984

• 35) Konno S, Olmarker K, Byrod G, et al:Acute thermal nerve root injury. Eur Spine J 3:299-302, 1994
  pubmed

• 36) Wilkers RA, Mackinnon JG, Thomas WG:Neurological deterioration after cement injection into a vertebral body. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 76:155, 1994

• 37) Padovani B, Kasriel O, Brunner P, et al:Pulmonary embolism caused by acrylic cement; a rare complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty. Am J Neuroradiol 20:375-377, 1999
  pubmed

• 38) Phillips H, Cole PV, Lettin AW:Cardiovascular effects of implanted acrylic bone cement. BMJ 3:460-461, 1971
  pubmed

• 39) 南昌平:骨セメント使用状況・副作用報告書. 第46号日本整形外科学会広報室ニュース, 2001

• 40) McAfee PC, Bohlman HH, Ducker T, et al:Failure of stabilization of the spine with methlmethacrylate; a retrospective analysis of twenty-four cases. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 68:1145-1157, 1986

• 41) 山室隆夫:生体材料と骨との界面にみられる現象. 整形外科医用材料マニュアル (山室隆夫, 大西啓靖編), pp81-88, 東京, 金原出版, 1992

• 42) 居相浩之, 川本博司, 上岡禎彦ら:骨粗鬆症を有する椎骨に対するbioactive cementの応用に関する実験的研究. Orthopaedic Ceramic Implants 11:43-46, 1991

• 43) 柴田敏博, 山本博司, 居相浩之ら:ハイドロキシアパタイトセメントの注入による骨粗鬆椎骨の生体力学的強化に関する検討. 日脊会誌 6:61-69, 1995

• 44) 柴田敏博, 山本博司:ハイドロキシアパタイトセメントの注入による粗鬆化椎骨の強化に関する研究-組織学的検討-. Clinical Calcium 7:53-61, 1997

• 45) Ikeuchi M, Yamamoto H, Shibata T, et al:Mechanical augmentation of the vertebral body by calcium phosphate injection. J Orthop Sci 6:39-45, 2001
  pubmed

• 46) 山本博司ら:整形外科領域におけるリン酸カルシウム骨ペースト (CPC95) の臨床評価. 薬理と治療 26:189-209, 1998

• 47) 山本博司, 柴田敏博, 池内昌彦:骨粗鬆症性脊椎圧迫骨折に対するリン酸カルシウム骨セメント椎体内注入補填術. 臨床整形外科 34:435-442, 1999

• 48) 山本博司, 柴田敏博, 武政龍一ら:第八章骨形成促進 ペースト状リン酸カルシウムセメントによる骨粗鬆症性脊椎骨折の治療. 先端医療シリーズ8/整形外科-診断と治療の最先端, pp244-250, 東京, 先端医療技術研究所, 2000

• 49) 山本博司:骨粗鬆症性脊椎骨折に対するリン酸カルシウム骨ペースト注入補填術. 日本脊椎外科学雑誌 11:439-443, 2000

• 50) 武政龍一, 山本博司:骨粗鬆症性椎体骨折に対する生体親和性骨ペースト注入術. 新OS NOW No. 10, pp150-156, 東京, メジカルビュー社, 2001

• 51) 武政龍一, 山本博司:骨粗鬆症による椎体圧迫骨折に対するリン酸カルシウム骨ペースト注入療法. 整形・災害外科 44:1315-1319, 2001

• 52) Bostrom MPG, Lane JM:Future directions; augmentation of osteoporotic vertebral bodies. Spine 22 (24S):38S-42S, 1997

• 53) Mermelstein LE, McLain RF, Yerby SA:Reinforcement of thoracolumbar burst fractures with calcium phosphate cement. A biomechanical study. Spine 23:664-671, 1998
  pubmed

• 54) Bai B, Jazrawi LM, Kummer FJ, et al:The use of an injectable, biodegradable calcium phosphate bone substitute for the prophylactic augmentation of osteoporotic vertebrae and the management of vertebral compression fractures. Spine 24:1521-1526, 1999
  pubmed

• 55) Monma H, Ueno S, Kanazawa T, et al:Propenies of hydroxyapatite prepared by the hydrolysis of tricalcium phosphate. J Chem Tech Biotechnol 31:15-24, 1981

• 56) 平野昌弘:α-TCP系バイオアクティブセメントの開発. ニューセラミックス 5:55-59, 1993

• 57) 山本晴彦:リン酸カルシウムセメントの臨床応用のための基礎的研究. 愛知医科大学医学会雑誌 25:219-229, 1997

• 58) 丹羽滋郎,山本晴彦:骨セメント-リン酸カルシウムセメント (骨補填・置換材)-. 関節外科 17:82-88, 1998

• 59) 杉本友宏, 佐藤啓二ら:リン酸カルシウムセメントの骨内血管新生. 日整会誌 74:S1657, 2000
  Medical*Online

P.271 掲載の参考文献

• 1) Cofield:Muscle transposition for repair of chronic rotator cuff tears. Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics 154:667-672, 1982.
  pubmed

• 2) Fukuda H, Hamada K , Yamanaka K:Pathology and pathogenesis of bursal-side rotator cuff tears viewed from en bloc histologic sections. Clin Orthop 254:75-80, 1990.
  pubmed

• 3) Fukuda H, Hamada K, Nakajima T, et al:Partial-thickness tears of the rotator cuff. Int Orthop 20:257-265, 1996.
  pubmed

• 4) 山中芳, 福田宏明:肩峰下滑液包造影により診断された腱板滑液包面断裂の3例. 肩関節 6:96-98, 1982.

• 5) 田畑四郎:腱板不全断裂の病態と治療. 整災外 26:1199-1206, 1983.

• 6) 尾崎二郎:腱板不全断裂の手術的治療. 整形外科 38:475-479, 1987

• 7) Codman, EA:The shoulder, pp65-177, Boston, Thomas Todd, 1934

• 8) 福田宏明:腱板不全断裂-Codmanの古典の現代的解釈. 日整会誌 75:S8, 2001
  Medical*Online

• 9) 三木威勇治:五十肩. pp24-38, 東京, 日本医書出版, 1947.

• 10) 山中芳:棘上筋腱の病理組織学的研究. 日整会誌 62:1121-1138, 1988
  Medical*Online

• 11) Tabata S:Treatment of panial-thickness tears of the rotator cuff. The Shoulder Surgery. The Asian Respective (Ed, Wu JJ), pp 193-196, Taipei, Veterans General Hosp, 1995

• 12) 浜田一寿:腱板断裂の関節造影による診断. 整・災外 37:927-931, 1994

• 13) 田辺暁人, 近藤憲二, 貞廣哲郎ら:Computed radiographyを用いた肩関節・肩峰下滑液包同時造影法. 関節外科 13:67-74, 1994

• 14) Paavolainen , P:Ultrasonography and the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg 76-A:335-340, 1994
  pubmed

• 15) 杉本勝正:腱板断裂の超音波検査. MB Orthop 12:9-14, 1999

• 16) 杉本勝正:肩関節の超音波検査. MB Orthop 11:13-22, 1998

• 17) 衛藤正雄, 伊藤信之, 朝長匡ら:腱板断裂診断におけるMRIの有用性. 肩関節 21:273-276, 1997

• 18) 堀井基行:肩腱板不全断裂の診断に対するMRIの有用性. 肩関節 21:277-280, 1997

• 19) 米田稔, 福島直:肩関節軟部組織の画像診断;腱板および周囲組織を中心に. リウマチ病セミナーIV (七川歡次監修), pp115-131, 大阪, 永井書店, 1993

• 20) 熊谷英夫:MRIによる腱板不全断裂の診断関節外科 13:51-65, 1994

• 21) Steinbach L:Shoulder magnetic resonance imaging, Philadelphia, New York. Lippincot-Raven, 1988

• 22) Baylis RW, Wolf EM:Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Arthroscopy 11:379, 1995

• 23) Snyder SJ:Arthroscopic fixation of rotator cuff tears; a preliminary report. Arthroscopy 9:342, 1993

• 24) 福島直, 米田稔:鏡視下腱板縫合術. 関節外科 20:12451250, 2001

• 25) 小畠昌規, 米田稔, 福島直:肩腱板腱内断裂に対する鏡視下腱板修復術の治療経験関節鏡 (投稿中) 2001

• 26) 米田稔:鏡視下腱板修復術の実際. 日本整形外科学会教育研修ビデオ. 日本整形外科学会企画・監修, 2000